Subject(s): archaeology / Genre: digital image - Improving African Futures Using Lessons from the Past

1. Grinding stone, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: A deeply worn grinding stone (grindstone 1, NK-08-112) removed from levels 1-2, unit 44N 4W, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, photographed at the side of the excavation unit. The grinding stone was found in association with other grinding stones, tuyere fragments and whole and partial pots. When found, the grinding stone was oriented with its working surface facing downward. It was located adjacent to a concentration of dark soil (feature 1) that contained abundant oxidized sediment, slag and broken pottery. Archaeologists interpret the features at Mound 6 as facilities used to make and process metals. Photo scale in 5 centimeter increments. Ngre Kataa, 2 July, 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17602
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 4W, levels 1-2
Date:: 2008-07-02
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Grinding stone
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Metalworking
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008-07-02
Date searchable:: 2008
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

2. Drawing a plan map, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Banda Research Project team members Amanda Logan (right) and Amy Groleau (left) draw a plan map of units 44N 4W and 44N 6W, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa. They map in situ artifacts and features, including several large grinding stones, a whole pot, pottery clusters and a tuyere fragment. Wooden stakes mark the corners of 2 x 2 meter excavation units. A photo scale place near a partially exposed everted rim jar in unit 44N 6W (NK-08-407) is in 5 centimeter increments. Ngre Kataa, 7 July, 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6
Date:: 2008-07-07
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Mapping; Grinding stone
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Metalworking
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008-07-07
Date searchable:: 2008
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

3. Archaeological team members, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Members of the archaeological excavation team at Ngre Kataa. Team members included graduate students from the University of Ghana and from North America, a representative of the Ghana Museums and Monuments Board and Banda men from Ahenkro and Nyrie. Back row (L-R): Amy Groleau, Kofi Paul, Yaw Frimpong, Kofi "Photo" Manu, Felix Ochra, Mr. Monney, Nelson Anane, Sampson Fordjour, Yaw Mensah, Enoch Mensah, Ben Nutor, Amanda Logan, Osei Kofi. Front row (L-R): Ann Stahl, J. K. Mensah, Idrusu, Abass Iddrisu, Kofi Nsia, Kwakye Eric. Ngre Kataa, 19 July, 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:: Nyire
Subjects:: Team photo; Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology)
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-19
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Nyire;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

4. Chief of Nyire visiting Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Archaeological team member Enoch Mesah (left, white shirt) explains what archaeologists have been learning through excavation of Mound 7 at Ngre Kataa. He addresses Tolɛɛ Gbankama, chief of Nyire (standing, center, white shirt) and accompanying Nyire elders during a site visit. Archaeological team member Kofi Nsia pauses excavation during the conversation, the short-handled hoe with which he is working resting on the ground in front of him. Ngre Kataa, 6 July, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 7
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Community engagement
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology)
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-07-06
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

5. Traces of a building, Mound 7, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A light-colored slurry plaster marks the outlines of earthen walls exposed through excavations at Mound 7, Ngre Kataa. View looking westward. The T-shaped juncture where two walls intersect is visible (center, top). The interior and exterior of the walls were coated with a thin plaster, appearing as a light-colored thin line exposed by archaeologists as they dug down. A two-meter scale appears (right) by a photo board. To the left and outside the building is a cluster of stones, some perhaps used in food processing activities. Ngre Kataa, 6 June, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 7, Units 12N 24E and 12N 26E, 80 cm below datum
Date:: 2009-06-06
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Building; Clay; Plastering; Walls; Grinding stones
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Amanda L. Logan
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-06
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

6. Screening soil at Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Banda Research Project team members Kofi Paul and Kofi Nsia screen soil from a Mound 7 excavation unit at Ngre Kataa as team member Idrusu brings another headpan of soil. The excavated soil is sieved through 1/4 inch mesh screen in order to recover artifacts (fragments of pottery, metals, beads, animal bone) that will be bagged, cataloged and studied. Studying these objects and the contexts from which they were recovered (their provenience) helps archaeologists to learn about the daily lives of past people. Ngre Kataa, 9 July, 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Screening; Sieving
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology)
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-09
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

7. Banda Heritage Community Event, 2011

Description:: Banda Research Project team member Samuel Babatu (white shirt) serves as a docent for one of the informational posters on Banda history and archaeology launched at a 2011 community event. Young people gather to listen as he discusses the poster's content. In the background, other project team-member docents (Boye, Kofi "Photo" Manu and Yaw Frimpong) share other posters. Banda Cultural Centre, Ahenkro, 15 July, 2011.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:: Ahenkro
Subjects:: Banda Cultural Centre; Community engagement; Community event; Poster
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Heritage
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2011
Date searchable:: 2011-07-15
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ahenkro;8.165961, -2.354312
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.165961, -2.354312

8. Banda Heritage Community Event, 2011

Description:: Young people look at and talk about the"Banda in the 15th to 17th Centuries" informational poster during a Banda Heritage community event. Banda Cultural Centre, Ahenkro, 15 July, 2011.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17053
Location(s) Facet:: Ahenkro
Subjects:: Banda Cultural Centre; Community engagement; Community event; Poster
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Heritage
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2011
Date searchable:: 2011-07-15
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ahenkro;8.165961, -2.354312
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.165961, -2.354312

9. Banda Heritage Community Event, 2011

Description:: Boase Chief Tolԑԑ Ligbi Wulotei (center) looks at pottery from Banda area archaeological sites while Banda Project team member Boye (far right) looks on. Banda Cultural Centre, Ahenkro, 15 July, 2011.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:: Ahenkro
Subjects:: Banda Cultural Centre; Community engagement; Community event
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Heritage; Pottery
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2011
Date searchable:: 2011-07-15
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ahenkro;8.165961, -2.354312
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.165961, -2.354312

10. Banda Heritage Community Event, 2011

Description:: Community members discuss one of the informational posters on Banda history and archaeology launched at a 2011 community event. Banda Cultural Centre, Ahenkro, 15 July, 2011.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:: Ahenkro
Subjects:: Banda Cultural Centre; Community engagement; Community event; Poster
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Heritage
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2011
Date searchable:: 2011-07-15
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ahenkro;8.165961, -2.354312
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.165961, -2.354312

11. Archaeological team members, Makala Kataa, 1990

Description:: Members of the 1990 archaeological excavation team at Makala Kataa. Team members included Banda men from Ahenkro and Makala. Back row (L-R): Kwasi Donkor, Donkor Johnson, __, Lamini, Kwasi Mensah (driver), Kwadwo Manu, Obour Bartholomew, Yaw Francis, Enoch Mensah, Mensah Listowell (red shirt). Front row (L-R) Daniel Mensah, Kwabena Mensah, Malik Abrefa, Ann Stahl, Yaw Frimpong, Osei Kofi. Also pictured are Peter Donkor and Richard Aboabo. Makala, July, 1990.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:: Ahenkro
Subjects:: Makala Kataa; Team photo
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology)
Creator:: Andrew Black
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 1990
Date searchable:: 1990-07
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ahenkro;8.142573, -2.381145
Date Digitized:: 2019-05-02
Commentary:: Slide scanned by Ann B. Stahl
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.142573, -2.381145

12. Archaeological team members, Makala Kataa, 1989

Description:: Members of the 1989 archaeological excavation team at Makala Kataa. Team members included Banda men from Ahenkro and Makala. Left-right: Enoch Mensah, Yaw Frimpong, Kwasi Donkor, Obour Bartholomew, ___, Osei Kofi, Samuel Babatu, Yaw Francis, Mustapha, Donkor Johnson. Makala Kataa, July, 1989.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:: Ahenkro
Subjects:: Makala Kataa; Team photo
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology)
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 1989
Date searchable:: 1989-07
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ahenkro;8.142053, -2.383126
Date Digitized:: 2019-05-02
Commentary:: Slide scanned by Ann B. Stahl
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.142053, -2.383126

13. Posters on display at the Banda Cultural Centre, 2011

Description:: Informational posters on Banda history and archaeology are displayed on easels in the hall of the Banda Cultural Centre. Examples of pottery recovered from excavations at Banda area sites rest on shelves in the background. Banda Cultural Centre, Ahenkro, 18 July, 2011.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17053 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17052 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17054
Location(s) Facet:: Ahenkro
Subjects:: Posters; Banda Cultural Centre
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Heritage
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2011
Date searchable:: 2011-07-15
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ahenkro;8.165961, -2.354312
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.165961, -2.354312

14. Traces of a building, Mound 7, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A light-colored slurry plaster marks the outlines of earthen walls exposed through excavations at Mound 7, Ngre Kataa. The upside down "T" shape shows the intersection of two walls. The vertically oriented wall is made from a lighter colored clayey soil compared to the darker horizontally oriented wall. Both walls were coated on the inside and outside with a thin plaster, appearing as a light-colored thin line exposed as archaeologists excavated the horizontal level. A red-and-white photo scale lies across one of the walls near a north arrow and a photo board with provenience information. Ngre Kataa, 6 June, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 7, Unit 12N 24E, 80 cm below datum
Date:: 2009-06-06
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Building; Clay; Plastering; Walls
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Amanda L. Logan
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-06
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

15. Crucible, Kuulo Kataa, 2000

Description:: A crucible used to process copper alloys from Kuulo Kataa, Mound 130, Unit 95E 102N, Level 12. Crucibles like this would have been used to heat copper alloys to a liquid state for use in casting, including casting through a lost-wax process. Scale in cm. Kuulo Kataa, 27 June, 2000.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Kuulo Kataa, Mound 130, Unit 95E 102N, Level 12
Location(s) Facet:: Kuulo Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Handicraft; Metal casting; Metalworking; Copper alloys; Lost wax casting; Archaeology; Lost-wax process; Crucibles; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: Catalog number SF-KK-00-229
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2000
Date searchable:: 2010-08-20
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Kuulo Kataa;8.14847222, -2.37472222
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.14847222, -2.37472222

16. Bell-shaped copper alloy pendant, Kuulo Kataa, 2000

Description:: Bell-shaped copper-alloy pendant from Kuulo Kataa, Mound 148, Unit 70E 48N, Level 2. Height: 3.3 cm. Weight: 5.4 g. Kuulo Kataa, 6 July, 2000.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Kuulo Kataa, Mound 148, Unit 70E 48N, Level 2
Location(s) Facet:: Kuulo Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Pendants (jewelry); Ornaments; Copper alloys; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: Catalog number SF-KK-00-362
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2000
Date searchable:: 2012-07-25
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Kuulo Kataa;8.14847222, -2.37472222
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.14847222, -2.37472222

17. Iron serpentine sculpture, Kuulo Kataa, 1995

Description:: Two views of a serpent-like figure made from an iron rod. The "head" of the direct metal sculpture resembles a triangular-tipped iron projectile point, similar to those found on the same site during the same time period. The body is formed by undulating S-shaped loops which are stacked atop one another to form the "tail." Kuulo Kataa, Mound 118, Unit 62W 4N, Level 1. Scale in cm. Length: 8.4 cm. 39.6 g. Kuulo Kataa, 15 June, 1995.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Kuulo Kataa, Mound 118, Unit 62W 4N, Level 1
Location(s) Facet:: Kuulo Kataa
Subjects:: Serpents
Subjects Facet:: Direct metal sculpture; Archaeology; Snakes; Iron; Projectile point; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF KK 95-103
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 1995
Date searchable:: 2012-07-25
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Kuulo Kataa;8.14847222, -2.37472222
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.14847222, -2.37472222

18. Front and side views of a twinned copper alloy figurine, Kuulo Kataa, 2000

Description:: Front and side views of a twinned, lost-wax-cast copper-alloy figurine from Kuulo Kataa, Mound 130, Unit 95E 108N, Level 2. Height: 3.9 cm. Weight: 3.8 g. Kuulo Kataa, 4 July, 2000.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17314 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17320 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17323
Provenance:: Kuulo Kataa, Mound 130, Unit 95E 108N, Level 2
Location(s) Facet:: Kuulo Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Copper alloys; Archaeology; Figurines; Lost wax casting; Lost-wax process; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF KK 00-318
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2000
Date searchable:: 2012-08-02
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Kuulo Kataa;8.14847222, -2.37472222
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.14847222, -2.37472222

19. Front and side views of a copper alloy figurine, Kuulo Kataa, 2000

Description:: Front and side views of a lost-wax cast copper alloy figurine from Kuulo Kataa, Mound 130, Unit 95E 108N, Level 3. Height: 3.5 cm. Weight: 2.4 g. Kuulo Kataa, 4 July, 2000.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17308 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17320 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17323
Provenance:: Kuulo Kataa, Mound 130, Unit 95E 108N, Level 3
Location(s) Facet:: Kuulo Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Copper alloys; Archaeology; Figurines; Lost wax casting; Lost-wax process; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF KK 00-319
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2000
Date searchable:: 2012-07-25
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Kuulo Kataa;8.14847222, -2.37472222
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.14847222, -2.37472222

20. Copper alloy finger ring, Kuulo Kataa, 1995

Description:: A copper alloy finger ring made from a rod forged into undulating S-shaped loops and joined at its ends by a flat metal plate. Two views. From Kuulo Kataa, Mound 101, Unit 2W 2S, Level 7. Height: 1.4 cm. Width: 2.6 cm. Weight: 8.4 g. Kuulo Kataa, 9 June, 1995.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Kuulo Kataa, Mound 101, Unit 2W 2S, Level 7
Location(s) Facet:: Kuulo Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Copper alloys; Ornaments; Archaeology; Rings (finger jewelry); Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF KK 95-025
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 1995
Date searchable:: 2012-07-25
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Kuulo Kataa;8.14847222, -2.37472222
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.14847222, -2.37472222

21. Twinned copper alloy figurine, Kuulo Kataa, 1995

Description:: Two views of a twinned lost-wax cast copper alloy figurine from Kuulo Kataa, Mound 118, Unit 62W 4N, Level 3. Lower "foot" plate broken off from figurine body. Height: 3.7 cm. Weight: 13.2 g. Kuulo Kataa, 15 June, 1995.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17308 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17314 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17320
Provenance:: Kuulo Kataa, Mound 118, Unit 62W 4N, Level 3
Location(s) Facet:: Kuulo Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Copper alloys; Archaeology; Figurines; Lost wax casting; Lost-wax process; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF KK 95-137
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2012-07-25
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Kuulo Kataa;8.14847222, -2.37472222
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.14847222, -2.37472222

22. Miniature copper alloy spoon, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Miniature lost wax cast spoon, perhaps a gold weight. From Ngre Kataa, Mound 7, Unit 14N 22E, Level 8. Length: 4.3 cm. Weight: 2.1 g. Ngre Kataa, 27 June, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 7, Unit 14N 22E, Level 8
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Miniature spoon
Subjects Facet:: Lost wax casting; Archaeology; Gold-weights; Copper alloys; Lost-wax process; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF NK 09-313
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2012-07-25
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

23. Large slag nodule, Ngre Kataa, Mound 8, 2008

Description:: Iron slag is formed as a byproduct of iron smelting. Here a large slag nodule has broken in half, revealing its interior texture. At the archaeological site of Ngre Kataa, large chunks of 'bubbly' slag like this were occasionally found in household and other contexts, away from areas otherwise associated with metal-working activities. Potters at the time of the site's occupation had begun to use crushed iron slag as a tempering agent in their potting clays, which may explain why large nodules were being carried and cached in areas away from metal-working locations. Ngre Kataa, June, 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 8, Unit 8N 127E, Level 3
Date:: 2008-06-23
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Slag
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Metalworking; Metallurgy; Pottery making; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: NK08-027
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-06-23
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

24. Large slag nodule, Ngre Kataa, Mound 8, 2008

Description:: Iron slag is formed as a byproduct of iron smelting. Here a large slag nodule has broken in half, revealing its interior texture. At the archaeological site of Ngre Kataa, large chunks of 'bubbly' slag like this were occasionally found in household and other contexts, away from areas otherwise associated with metal-working activities. Potters at the time of the site's occupation had begun to use crushed iron slag as a tempering agent in their potting clays, which may explain why large nodules were being carried and cached in areas away from metal-working locations. Ngre Kataa, June, 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 8, Unit 8N 127E, Level 3
Date:: 2008-06-23
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Slag
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Metalworking; Metallurgy; Pottery making; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: NK08-027
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008-06-23
Date searchable:: 2008
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

25. Pottery sherd with slag temper, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Side view of a broken pottery sherd with a large slag inclusion. The use of crushed slag as a tempering material included in potting clay is first seen in pottery associated with Ngre phase sites in the Banda area. The use of crushed slag as a temper intensifies during Kuulo phase times, after which it becomes uncommon. Ngre Kataa, June, 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 8, Unit 8N 127E, Level 9
Date:: 2008-06-24
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Slag
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Pottery; Pottery making; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: NK08-046
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008-06-24
Date searchable:: 2008
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

26. Traces of a building, Mound 7, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A light-colored slurry plaster marks the outlines of earthen walls exposed through excavations at Mound 7, Ngre Kataa. View looking eastward. The L-shaped juncture where two walls intersect is visible (bottom). The interior and exterior of the walls were coated with a thin plaster, appearing as a light-colored thin line exposed by archaeologists as they dug down. A two-meter scale appears (left). To the right and outside the building is a cluster of stones, some perhaps used in food processing activities. Ngre Kataa, 6 June, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 7, Units 12N 24E and 12N 26E, 80 cm below datum
Date:: 2009-06-06
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Building; Clay; Plastering; Walls; Grinding stone
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Amanda L. Logan
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-06
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

27. Gunflint or strike-a-light from Makala Kataa, 1990

Description:: An imported gunflint or strike-a-light recovered from late 19th-century Makala Kataa. Flint is a fine-grained stone that creates a spark when struck against iron. Gunflints were shaped pieces of stone placed into the hammer of a gun mechanism. Pulling the trigger released the hammer, causing the flint to strike a steel plate and creating sparks that lit the gun's powder. The flint's top face (bottom left view) has been beveled by the flint knapper and its side edges (top left) have been flaked or chipped. Its bottom surface is smooth (bottom right). Gunflints like these were made in large numbers in centers like Brandon, Suffolk, England and imported into West Africa in large quantities during the 18th and 19th centuries. These flints were also used to spark fires apart from their use in guns, giving rise to the name "strike-a-light." Photo scale in cm. Site Makala Kataa. 25 June, 1990.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Makala Kataa, Station 10, Trench 1, Unit 2, Level 1
Date:: 1990-06-25
Location(s) Facet:: Makala Kataa
Subjects:: Gunflint
Subjects Facet:: Firearms; Archaeology
Identifier:: SF MK10 90-014a
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 1990
Date searchable:: 1990-06-25
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Makala Kataa;8.142724; -2.382957
Commentary:: Composite photo made using Adobe Photoshop 2020
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.142724; -2.382957

28. Iron strike-a-light, Makala Kataa

Description:: An iron strike-a-light. When struck against flint, sparks are created to light tinder in fire-making. This locally made tool was found in the lower levels of mound 5, an area that archaeologists interpreted as a kitchen based on the presence of stacked pottery jars, grinding stones and hearth stones. The object's orange color is the result of oxidation (rust). Photo scale in cm. Site Makala Kataa. 3 July, 1989.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Makala Kataa, Station 6, Mound 5, Unit 4W 0S, Level 1
Date:: 1989-07-03
Location(s) Facet:: Makala Kataa
Subjects:: Fire
Subjects Facet:: Iron; Strike-a-light; Archaeology
Identifier:: SF MK6 89-005
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 1989
Date searchable:: 1989-07-03
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Makala Kataa;8.142724; -2.382957
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.142724; -2.382957

29. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Triangular-headed iron projectile point with squared base (left) and long tang (right). To make an arrow (snini in Nafaanra), the tang was inserted into a straight shaft made of bamboo, reed or lightweight wood to which it was hafted. This artifact was excavated from what archaeologists interpret as a house mound. It shows signs of corrosion by rust. Scale in cm. Length: 9.6 cm. Weight: 12.6 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 3 June, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 7, Unit 10N 30E, Level 6. Piece plot, 44 cm S, 127 cm W, 76 cmbd
Date:: 2009-06-03
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Projectile points; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF NK 09-090
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-03
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

30. Tanged iron blade, Kuulo Kataa, 2000

Description:: An iron blade, rounded at the tip (left), flared at the base and with a short tang (right) which allowed it to be hafted to a wood handle. The tool shows signs of corrosion. The blade was excavated from a level characterized by abundant iron slag and ashy soil. Scale in cm. Site Kuulo Kataa. 23 June, 2000.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Kuulo Kataa, Mound 131, Unit 126E 140N, Level 10
Date:: 2000-06-23
Location(s) Facet:: Kuulo Kataa
Subjects:: Tanged blade; Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Iron; Blades (tool and equipment components); Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF KK 00-193
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2000
Date searchable:: 2000-06-23
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Kuulo Kataa;8.14847222, -2.37472222
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.14847222, -2.37472222

31. Tanged iron blade, Kuulo Kataa, 1995

Description:: A curved iron blade (brɔfiɛn in Nafaanra), rounded at the tip (left), slightly shouldered at the base, with a long tang (right) for the purpose of hafting. The tool shows signs of corrosion. The artfiact was excavated from a house mound and found in a level of midden-like deposits. Scale in cm. Length: 11.2 cm. Weight: 11.7 gm. Site Kuulo Kataa. 14 June, 1995.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Kuulo Kataa, Mound 118, Unit 66W 14N, Level 4
Date:: 1995-06-14
Location(s) Facet:: Kuulo Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Blades (tool and equipment components); Cutting tools; Knives; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF KK 95-089
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 1995
Date searchable:: 1995-06-14
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Kuulo Kataa;8.14847222, -2.37472222
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.14847222, -2.37472222

32. Tanged iron blade, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A curved, tanged iron blade (brɔfiɛn in Nafaanra), slightly shouldered at the base (right), with a short narrow tang for the purpose of hafting to a wood handle. The tool shows signs of corrosion. The artfiact was excavated from a house mound. Scale in cm. Length: 19.1 cm. Weight: 54.7 g. Ngre Kataa, 4 June, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 7, Unit 10N 28-30E, Level 7
Date:: 2009-06-04
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Blades (tool and equipment components); Cutting tools; Knives; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF NK 09-113
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-04
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

33. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Iron projectile point, the head of which (left) has a rounded base. Two small barbs project from the point's long tang. To make an arrow (snini in Nafaanra), the tang was inserted into a straight shaft made of bamboo, reed or lightweight wood to which it was hafted. This artifact was found in an area that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop, in the vicintiy of anvil and grinding stones and features interpreted as forges. The projectile point shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Length: 15.2 cm. Weight: 16 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 4 June, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 6W, Level 5. Piece plot 68-79 cm S, 22-23 cm W, 110 cmbd
Date:: 2009-06-04
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Projectile points; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF NK 09-354
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-04
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

34. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Triangular-headed projectile point with barbs on either side of the head's base (left). Its long tang (right) is bent. To make an arrow (snini in Nafaanra), the tang was inserted into a straight shaft made of bamboo, reed or lightweight wood to which it was hafted. This artifact was found in an area that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. The projectile point shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Length: 9.8 cm. Weight: 10.2 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 5 July, 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 6W, Level 3; piece plot: 67-71 cm S, 142-156 W
Date:: 2008-07-05
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Projectile points; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF NK 08-112a
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-05
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

35. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Triangular-headed iron projectile point with a single barb at the base of its head (left) and a long thin tang (right). To make an arrow (snini in Nafaanra), the tang was inserted into a shaft made of bamboo, reed or lightweight wood to which it was hafted. The artifact shows signs of corrosion. The point was excavated from a deep midden mound in an disturbed by a pig burrow. Scale in cm. Length: 12.4 cm. Weight: 14.2 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 25 June, 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 8, Unit 8N 127E, Level 12
Date:: 2008-06-25
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Projectile points; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF NK 08-011
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-06-25
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

36. Shrine cluster, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: A group of insitu artifacts interpreted by archaeologists as a shrine cluster, located in a metallurgical workshop (mound 6). The cluster included a lost-wax-cast twinned figurine (bottom center), an iron bangle (center), a waterworn quartz pebble, a bone fragment (upper left of bangle), a broken iron blade (left of the bone fragment) and a tanged iron blade (upper left of the bangle). An irregularly shaped quartzite cobble (upper left) may have been part of the cluster. Photo scale in cm, arrow pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 19 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19084 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19085 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17600
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 6W, Feature 5
Date:: 2008-07-19
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Shrines; Excavations (Archaeology); Figures; Bangles; Blades (tool and equipment components)
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-19
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

37. Tanged iron blade, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Tanged iron blade with pointed tip (left) and rounded shoulders. Two large concretions adhere to the blade's corroded surface. The tang (right) would have allowed the blade to be hafted to a wooden or bamboo shaft or handle. If hafted to a long shaft, it may have been used as a spear (chombo in Nafaanra). This artifact was found closely associated with a copper alloy twinned figurine, an iron bangle, a rounded quartz pebble and several other objects, which archaeologists interpret as a shrine cluster. The cluster was placed among metal-working features in a metallurgical workshop. Scale in cm. Length: 8.6 cm. Weight: 12.6 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 19 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19086 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17600 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19085
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 6W, Feature 5. Piece plot, 15-20 cm S, 161-167 cm W, 78 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-19
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Blades (tool and equipment components); Cutting tools; Knives; Iron; Archaeology; Shrines; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF NK 08-207
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-19
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

38. Iron bangle, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: A circular iron bangle, made from a rounded iron rod with abutting ends (bottom of photo). The bangle's surface is corroded by rust. This artifact was found closely associated with a copper alloy twinned figurine, a tanged iron blade, a rounded quartz pebble and several other objects, which archaeologists interpret as a shrine cluster. The cluster was placed among metal-working features in a metallurgical workshop.Scale in cm. Maximum diameter: 8.1 cm. Weight: 75 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 19 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19086 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19084 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17600 ;
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 6W, Feature 5. Piece plot, 4-12 cm S, 165-174 cm W, 77-79 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-19
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Ornaments; Bangles; Iron; Shrines; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF NK 08-206
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-19
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

39. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Triangular-headed iron projectile point with a barb at the head's base (left) and a long tang (right). To make an arrow (snini in Nafaanra), the tang was inserted into a straight shaft made of bamboo, reed or lightweight wood to which it was hafted. This artifact was found in an area (mound 7) that archaeologists interpret as a house mound. The projectile point shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Length: 9 cm. Weight: 9.2 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 7 July, 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 7, Unit 14N 24E, Level 2
Date:: 2008-07-07
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Projectile points; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 08-128
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-07
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

40. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Asymmetrical barbed iron projectile point with a bent shaft. This artifact was found in an area that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. It was found near--and may have been part of--a large cluster of objects interpreted as a shrine. The (partial?) point has been corroded by rusting. Scale in cm. Length: 9.1 cm. Weight: 11.3 g. Site Ngre Kataa, 6 July 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 8W, Level 6. Piece plot, 5 cm S, 5 cm W, 102 cm bd
Date:: 2009-07-06
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Projectile points; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF NK 09-384
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-07-06
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

41. Twinned copper alloy figurine, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: A twinned lost wax cast copper alloy figurine from Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 6W, Feature 5 cluster. Archaeologists interpret the Feature 5 cluster as a shrine placed among metalworking facilities. Height: 5.9 cm. Weight: 31.3 g. Ngre Kataa, 19 July, 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17320 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19086 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19084 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19085
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 6W, Feature 5 cluster
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Copper alloys; Archaeology; Figurines; Lost wax casting; Lost-wax process; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: Catalog number SF-NK-08-209
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2012-07-25
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

42. Twinned copper alloy figurine, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Two views of a twinned lost wax cast copper alloy figurine from Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 6W, Feature 5 cluster. Height: 5.9 cm. Weight: 31.3 g. Ngre Kataa, 19 July, 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19086 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17308 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17314 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17323
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 6W, Feature 5 cluster
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Copper alloys; Archaeology; Figurines; Lost wax casting; Lost-wax process; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: Catalog number SF-NK-08-209
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2012-07-25
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

43. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Iron projectile point fragment. The elongated head (left) has a single barb at its base and a short tang (right). The point has been corroded by rusting. Scale in cm. Length: 11.3 cm. Weight: 14 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 26 June 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 8, Unit 8N 127E, Level 14
Date:: 2008-06-26
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Projectile points; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 08-024
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-06-26
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

44. Excavations at a metal working area, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Archaeological excavations of Mound 6 at Ngre Kataa in 2009 expose a workshop where blacksmiths produced iron and copper-alloy tools and ornaments. The mound is being excavated in 2 x 2 meter units named for the coordinates of their northeast corner. In unit 50N 0W (foreground), an area of burned soil marks the location where blacksmiths heated metals. A pottery jar sits in place to the right. In surrounding units (50N 2W, 48N 0W, 48N 2W) are large anvil stones where the hot metals would have been hammered and shaped through forging. The mound's stratified deposits suggest that the workshop area was used for many decades, and perhaps centuries, between the years of about 1350 and 1520 CE (Common Era). View across the mound from the northeast looking towards the southwest. Site Ngre Kataa. 27 June, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Workshop; Mound 6
Subjects Facet:: Handicraft; Metallurgy; Archaeology; Metalworking; Forging; Excavations (Archaeology); Iron; Copper alloys
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-27
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

45. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Iron projectile point. The head (left) is asymmetrical, perhaps the result of its base being broken. The intact side of the base is shouldered. Two small barbs protrude from opposite sides of the point's long tang (right). To make an arrow, the tang would have been inserted into a shaft made of bamboo, reed or lightweight wood. This point was found in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. The artifact has been corroded by rusting. Scale in cm. Length: 10.1 cm. Weight: 8.9 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 4 June, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 6W, Level 3
Date:: 2009-06-04
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Projectile points; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 09-110
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-04
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

46. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Iron projectile point with an asymmetrical head (left), a single barbed at the base of the head and a small barb on the opposite side along the tang. To make an arrow, the long tang (right) would have been inserted into a shaft made of bamboo, reed or lightweight wood. This artifact was found in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. The point has been corroded by rusting. Scale in cm. Length: 15.2 cm. Weight: 13.7 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 2 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 0W, Level 3
Date:: 2009-06-02
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Projectile points; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 09-069
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-02
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

47. In situ grinding stones and pottery, unit 44N 4W, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Several grinding stones, a whole pot and a cluster of pottery sherds have been exposed in situ at the base of level 3, unit 44N 4W at Mound 6, Ngre Kataa. The large grinding stone in the foreground (grinding stone 1, NK-08-112) is oriented with its grinding surface facing down. Another smaller stone rests on a soil pedestal created as archaeologists excavated surrounding soil to a lower level. Upper right, a whole pottery jar (NK-08-176) sits next to a large grinding stone (grinding stone 3, NK-08-173) oriented with its grinding surface up. To the far left, above the photo scale in centimeters, archaeologists have exposed the edges of a pottery jar, broken in half and lying on its side. As excavations extended into the adjacent unit (42N 4W, to the left), this broken pot was found to be associated with two tuyere fragments. This cluster of grindstones, tuyeres and nearby burned features is interpreted as part of a larger metal-working workshop, the activities of which led to the build up of mound 6. The soil on the right side of the unit is darker because it is moister than that on the left. View to west. Site Ngre Kataa. 1 July, 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17601 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17598
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 4W, level 3
Date:: 2008-07-01
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Grinding stone; Tuyere
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Metalworking
Identifier:: Catalog numbers NK-08-112, 08-176 and 08-173
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008-07-01
Date searchable:: 2008
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

48. Burned feature in a metallurgical workshop, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: The circular outline of a burned basin (Feature 3) is bracketed by photo scales (left of center) in unit 50N 4W (130 cm below the unit datum) at Mound 6. A pottery jar sits to the right side of the basin, its opening covered by a potsherd lid. To the left, a grinding stone sits, grinding surface down, over top of another pottery jar. Another grinding stone (far left) sits at a higher level in unit 50N 6W. A second burned feature is associated with a grinding stone tipped on its side, far right. Another pottery jar sits nearby, also lidded with a broken sherd. Burned features like these were associated with metal working in this Mound 6 workshop area. Photo scale at bottom in centimeters. Site Ngre Kataa. 29 June, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17593
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, 50N 4W, 130 cm bd
Date:: 2009-06-29
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Grinding stone; Burned basin
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Handicraft; Metalworking; Metallurgy; Pottery
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009-06-29
Date searchable:: 2009
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

49. Burned feature, unit 50N 4W, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: The circular outline of a burned basin (Feature 3) is bracketed by photo scales (center) in unit 50N 4W (130 cm below the unit datum) at Mound 6. A pottery jar sits to the right side of the basin, its opening covered by a potsherd lid. To the left, a grinding stone sits, grinding surface down, over top of another pottery jar. Burned features like these were associated with metal working in this Mound 6 workshop area. Photo scale at bottom in centimeters. Site Ngre Kataa. 29 June, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17594
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, 50N 4W, 130 cm bd
Date:: 2009-06-29
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Grinding stone; Burned basin
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Handicraft; Metalworking; Metallurgy; Pottery
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009-06-29
Date searchable:: 2009
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

50. Iron projectile point fragment, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Partial iron projectile point, the tip of the head (left) broken off. The base of the head forms a right angle barb with the short tang. The tang (right) would have been inserted into a shaft made of bamboo, reed or lightweight wood to form an arrow. This point was found in an area (mound 7) that archaeologists interpret as a house mound. The artifact is corroded by rust. Scale in cm. Length: 9.1 cm. Weight: 13.6 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 4 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 7, Unit 10N 30E, Level 8
Date:: 2009-06-04
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Projectile points; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 09-114
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-04
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

51. Insitu artifact cluster, mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A large insitu anvil/grinding stone in an area interpreted by archaeologists as a metallurgical workshop. It is associated with several smaller stones that show signs of use as grinding or hammer stones. On the northwest side of the stone is a partial pottery vessel--unusual for its layered construction (NK 09-787). To the right of the partial pot are two flat iron discs (larger, above, SF 09-370 and smaller, below SF 90-371). The smaller grinding stone (upper left of photo) rested, grinding surface down, on top of a pottery jar (NK 09-788) which was exposed in the next excavation level. Photo scale bar in 5 cm increments. Photo arrow pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 4 July 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 6W, Level 7
Date:: 2009-07-04
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Grinding stone
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Iron; Pottery; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-07-04
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Coverage:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19103 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19102
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

52. Partial pottery vessel, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Interior view (left) and exterior view (right) of a partial pottery jar. The pot was found insitu near an anvil/grinding stone in an area interpreted by archaeologists as a metallurgical workshop. The jar's everted rim is rounded (right, top). Its exterior surface (right, bottom) shows evidence of layering, with an upper layer of clay added to a leather-hard lower layer before the pot was fired. The pot's walls are thicker than typical domestic pottery. Its find location suggests that it was probably made for an industrial rather than domestic purpose (possible pot bellow?). Dark smudging on the exterior surface affected both the upper and lower layers of clay, implying that it was exposed to high heat in a reducing atmosphere after manufacture. Striations on the vessel's interior (left) are the result of smoothing and forming during manufacture, with a small area of post-manufacture smudging visible (upper left). The vessel's ceramic fabric is tempered with laterite and crushed slag inclusions. It was found in close association with an anvil/grinding stone (GS 09-15), a circular iron disc (SF 09-370) and an irregularly shaped flat piece of iron (SF 09-371). Intact rim's diameter (exterior lip): 13.5 cm. Photo scale in cm. Site Ngre Kataa. 4 July 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19107 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19103 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19102 ;
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 6W, Level 4, 97-105 cm bd
Date:: 2009-07-04
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Jar
Subjects Facet:: Pottery; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: NK 09-787
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-07-04
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Commentary:: Composite photo made using Adobe Photoshop 2020
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

53. Copper alloy (brass) bar, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A piece of a copper alloy (brass) bar, found in association with burned features that archaeologists interpret as linked to metalworking (left: side view; right, end views). The bar is square in cross-section (right). One end appears finished and has a slight circular depression or dimple (bottom right). The other end (top right) is jagged and appears to be broken from a longer bar. The artifact was recovered from soil associated with an amorphous burned feature, underneath which were a series of burned basins likely created by forging activities. The object is similar in appearance to brass bars known from the Ma'adin Ijafen cache of brass ingots documented by Theodore Monod in eastern Mauritania in the 1960s. As such, this may be the form in which metalworkers got the copper alloys that were worked at the site. Length: 1.7 cm. Weight: 2.8 g. Scale in cm. Site Ngre Kataa. 25 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19110
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 8W,Level 5. Piece plot: 198 cm W, 88 cm S, 110 cm bd
Date:: 2009-06-25
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities); Copper alloys; Metalworkinig
Identifier:: SF 09-293
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-25
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Commentary:: Composite photo made using Adobe Photoshop 2020
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

54. Insitu artifact cluster, mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A large insitu anvil/grinding stone in an area interpreted by archaeologists as a metallurgical workshop (two views). It is associated with several smaller stones that show signs of use as grinding or hammer stones. On the northwest side of the large stone (GS 09-15) is a partial pottery vessel--unusual for its layered construction (NK 09-787). Sitting adjacent to the partial pot are two flat iron discs (larger one, above in photo 1, SF 09-370 and smaller, below in photo 1, SF 90-371). A smaller grinding stone (GS 09-24) sits northeast of the anvil stone, positioned with its grinding surface down. It rested on top of a pottery jar (NK 09-788) which was exposed in the next excavation level. An area of fire-hardened sediment to the southeast of the anvil stone (photo 2) is interpreted as part of a forging feature. Photo scale bar in 5 cm increments. Photo arrow pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 4 July 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19104 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19103 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19102
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 6W, Level 7
Date:: 2009-07-04
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Grinding stone
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Iron; Pottery; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-07-04
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

55. Iron disc, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A flat, thin iron disk. The object is corroded by rust. Its function is unknown. The disc was found in close association with a large anvil or grinding stone and adjacent to a distinctive pottery vessel and a smaller, irregularly shaped piece of flat iron (SF 09-171). This group of objects was located within an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. Scale in cm. Width: 9.4 cm. Thickness: .2 cm. Weight: 49.3 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 4 July 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19107 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19104 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19103
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 6W, Level 5. Piece plot: 134-140 cm S, 144-151 cm W, 100-107 cm bd
Date:: 2009-07-04
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Iron; Artifacts (Antiquities); Archaeology
Identifier:: SF 09-370
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-07-04
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

56. 17-19103

Description:: A flat, irregularly shaped iron with circular depression. The object is corroded by rust and its original form and function are unknown. It was found in close association with a large anvil or grinding stone (GS 09-15), a circular iron disk (SF 09-370) and a distinctive pottery vessel (NK 09-787). This group of objects was located within an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. Scale in cm. Width: 5.7 cm. Thickness: .2 cm. Weight: 9 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 4 July 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19107 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19102 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19104
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 6W, Level 5. Piece plot: 130-134 cm S, 152-155 cm W, 109-112 cm bd
Date:: 2009-07-04
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Iron; Artifacts (Antiquities); Archaeology
Identifier:: SF 90-371
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-07-04
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

57. Anvil and grinding stones in a metallurgical workshop, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: View across four excavation units, looking west across an area interpreted as a metallurgical workshop. An anvil stone (GS 09-01) sits insitu in the foreground in unit 50N 2W. In the northwest corner of the same unit (below the roll of red flagging tape, right), the remains of a partially excavated burned feature interpreted as a forge are visible. A pottery jar (NK 09-686), lidded with a broken rounded base of another pot, is visible in the next unit (50N 4W). It sits adjacent to another burned feature in the unit's northwest corner (behind the pot, not visible in this photo). The jar is overlaid by another burned feature (visible as a layer of orange soil). A second pot (NK 09-685), to the left of the first, is covered by a flat stone (GS 09-13) whose lower surface shows evidence of grinding. A larger flat U-shaped grinding stone (GS 09-12) sits insitu atop a soil pedestal in the northeast corner of the next unit (50N 6W). To the south (left) of the stones, a partially exposed jar rim (NK 09-749) is visible close to the eastern edge of unit 50N 6W). Behind it, a large anvil/grinding stone (GS 09-15; faintly visible because it blends into the surrounding soil color) is partially exposed, with a smaller hammer/grinding stone (GS 09-16) sitting in front and left (south) of the large stone. A smaller grinding stone (GS 09-19; upper left of photo) has been pedestaled insitu in the farthest unit (50N 8W). Subsequent excavations in unit 50N 8W revealed a series of burned features in its northwest corner. A two meter yellow tape is extended along the edge of unit 50N 4W (right). Site Ngre Kataa. 24 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Units 50N, 2 to 8 W, various levels
Date:: 2009-06-24
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Anvil stone; Grinding stone
Subjects Facet:: Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking; Pottery
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-24
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

58. Burned features unit 50N 8W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A cluster of burned features is exposed in the northwest corner of excavation unit 50N 8W in an area interpreted by archaeologists as a metallurgical workshop (mound 6). Along the unit's west wall (left in photo) is an amorphous zone of fire-hardened red (Munsell color 2.5YR 3/6) matrix. A piece of brass bar (SF NK 09-293) was found in soil associated with this burned feature. Above and to the right (northeast), two circular burned features are visible in outline. These basin-shaped features had a thin lining of fire-hardened sediment, red to dark red (Munsell 2.5 YR 3/6 & 4/8) in color. The basins were filled with loose ashy sediment and small pieces of charcoal. A sample of burned matrix from feature 1 (top right basin) yielded a thermoluminescence (TL) age estimate of 1500 +/- 40 CE (Univ. Wash. 2455). Further excavation revealed additional basin-shaped features beneath the amorphous burned feature. The excavation unit's northwest corner peg is visible, upper left. View looking north. Site Ngre Kataa. 27 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19109 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19111
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 8W,Level 6
Date:: 2009-06-27
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking; Forging
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-07
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

59. Stratified deposits, south wall, unit 50N 0W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: The south wall of excavation unit 50N 0W in mound 6 shows stratified layers that accumulated in an area interpreted as a metallurgical workshop. An anvil stone (GS 09-06; left of the sign board) is pedestaled insitu in the adjacent excavation unit (48N 0W). Other pedestaled grinding stones are visible to the right and behind the sign board. These stones were found just below the mound's top surface. A smaller grinding/anvil stone is visible in the east wall of unit 50N 0W, at a depth of one meter below the anvil stone. Burned orange-red lenses that archaeologists interpret as features associated with processing metals are visible in the strata between the stones. Ashy lenses are visible in the south and west walls. Evidence suggests that these layers built up through repeated use of this location for metalworking activities. Width of unit: 2 meters. Site Ngre Kataa. 9 July 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19116
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Univ 50N 0W, South Wall
Date:: 2009-07-09
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Anvil stone; Grinding stone
Subjects Facet:: Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-07-09
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

60. Stratified deposits, south wall, unit 50N 0W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: The southeast corner of excavation unit 50N 0W in mound 6 shows stratified layers that accumulated in an area interpreted as a metallurgical workshop (mound 6). An anvil stone (top of photo; GS 09-06) is pedestaled insitu in the adjacent excavation unit (48N 0W). This stone was found immediately below the mound's top surface. A smaller grinding/anvil stone is visible in the east wall of unit 50N 0W, at a depth of one meter below. Burned orange-red lenses that archaeologists interpret as features associated with processing metals are visible in the strata between the stones. Evidence suggests that these layers built up through repeated use of this location for metalworking activities. Stadia rod numbered intervals of 10 cm. View looking south. Site Ngre Kataa. 9 July 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19117
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Univ 50N 0W, South Wall
Date:: 2009-07-09
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Anvil stone; Grinding stone
Subjects Facet:: Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-07-09
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

61. Excavated burned basins, unit 50N 8W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A cluster of burned basin-shaped features is exposed in the northwest corner of unit 50N 8W in an area interpreted by archaeologists as a metallurgical workshop (mound 6). The basins comprised a thin layer of fire-hardened sediment, red to dark red (Munsell colors 2.5 YR 3/6 & 4/8) in color. Basin features 1 (top right) and 2 (left of feature 1) measured about 8-9 cm deep and were filled with ashy soil. Basin feature 5 (far left) was shallower. Its fire-hardened surface showed a pinkish tinge. Samples of burned basin matrix from features 1 and 5 yielded thermoluminescence (TL) age estimates of 1500 +/- 40 CE (feature 1; Univ. Wash. 2455) and 1580 +/- 40 CE (feature 5; Univ. Wash. 2456). Photo bar marked in 5 cm increments. Arrows pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 29 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19110
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 8W,Level 6
Date:: 2009-06-29
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking; Forging
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-29
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

62. Burned feature, unit 46N 2W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Two views of a burned basin-shaped feature (Feature 2) in mound 6, unit 46N 2W, part of an area that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. The feature has been sectioned to reveal its profile. Viewed from the top, the circular feature consists of a ring of fire-hardened yellowish red (Munsell color 5YR 5/8) sediment. The fire-hardened matrix is thicker at its top edge than it is at the bottom of the basin, where its color is dark red (Munsell 2.5YR 3.6). In profile view (second photo), the basin appears as a narrow band of yellowish red fire-hardened sediment. The fire-hardened sediment is thin and rounded at the base of the basin, suggesting that it may have formed around a round-based vessel used to heat metals. A thermoluminescence sample of the burned matrix yielded a date of 1490 +/- 50 years (Univ. Wash. 2364). Photo scale in cm. Site Ngre Kataa. 23 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19112
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 46N 2W, L7
Date:: 2009-06-23
Location(s) Facet:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111
Subjects Facet:: Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking; Forging
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-23
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

63. Burned feature, unit 46N 2W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Two views of a burned basin-shaped feature (Feature 2) in mound 6, unit 46N 2W, part of an area that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. The feature has been sectioned to reveal its profile. Viewed from the top, the circular feature consists of a ring of fire-hardened yellowish red (Munsell color 5YR 5/8) sediment. The fire-hardened matrix is thicker at its top edge than it is at the bottom of the basin, where its color is dark red (Munsell 2.5YR 3.6). In profile view (second photo), the basin appears as a narrow band of yellowish red fire-hardened sediment. The fire-hardened sediment is thin and rounded at the base of the basin, suggesting that it may have formed around a round-based vessel used to heat metals. A thermoluminescence sample of the burned matrix yielded a date of 1490 +/- 50 years (Univ. Wash. 2364). Photo scale in cm. Site Ngre Kataa. 23 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19112
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 46N 2W, L7
Date:: 2009-06-23
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking; Forging
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-23
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

64. Anvil stone in a metallurgical workshop, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A boulder used as an anvil stone (GS 09-01) sits insitu in an excavated area interpreted as a metallurgical workshop. This was one of several boulders associated with burned features and other residues of metalworking. The boulder's upper surface showed signs of use wear and its south-facing side is marked by a deep cup-shaped depression that resulted from repeated use. A burned feature interpreted as the remains of a forge is visible behind the anvil stone (upper left) in the northwest corner of excavation unit 50N 2W. Flat photo scale in cm. Arrow pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 1 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19122
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 2W, Level 4
Date:: 2009-06-01
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Anvil stone
Subjects Facet:: Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-01
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

65. Copper wire finger ring in situ, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A finger ring made of twisted copper alloy wire is photographed in situ. Base of level 5, unit 44N 4W, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa. Scale in 5 centimeter increments. Ngre Kataa, 8 July, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17105
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, 44N 4W, Level 5. Piece plot: 104 cm S, 153 cm W, 118 cm bd
Date:: 2009-07-08
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Rings (finger jewelry); Ornaments; Copper alloys; Wire
Identifier:: Catalog number SF-NK-09-403
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009-07-08
Date searchable:: 2009
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

66. Copper wire finger ring, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Finger ring made from twisted copper alloy wire. From Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 4W, Level 5. Width: 2.3 cm. Weight: 1.6 g. Ngre Kataa, 8 July, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17595
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 4W, Level 5. Piece plot: 104 cm S, 153 cm W, 118 cm bd
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Wire; Ornaments; Rings (finger jewelry); Copper alloys; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF NK 09-403
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2012-07-25
Genre:: Digital Image
Genre Facet:: Digital Image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

67. Pottery jar, mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Photo of a globular pottery jar (NK 08-176) found in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. The pot was found sitting next to a large grinding stone (GS 08-03). The jar's lip is slightly everted and its upper surface is undecorated. A horizontal band of contiguous diagonal impressions marked in alternating directions ("/\/\") appears above the jar's rounded shoulder. Its lower body and base are darkened and surface treated with fiber roulette impression. Rim diameter: 18cm at exterior lip. Vessel height (base to rim): 17 cm. Photo scale in cm. Site Ngre Kataa. 1 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19127
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 4W. Piece plot: 145-160 cm W, 12-30 cm S, 46-63 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-01
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Jar; Fiber roulette
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities); Pottery
Identifier:: NK 08-176
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-01
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

68. Insitu grinding stone and jar, mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: View from above of an insitu grinding stone (GS 08-03) and a pottery jar (NK 08-176) at the base of excavation level 3 in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. The grinding stone has a concave upper surface, partly obscured by unexcavated soil. Roots and rootlets are visible on the right side of the photo. Photo stick marked in 5 cm increments. Arrow pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 1 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19128
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 4W, Level 3
Date:: 2008-07-01
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Grinding stone; Jar
Subjects Facet:: Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking; Pottery
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-01
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

69. Everted-rim pottery jar, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Photo of a pottery jar with a slightly everted rim (NK 08-406), found insitu in an area that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. Above its rounded shoulder, the jar's surface is undecorated, with the possible exception of traces of red pigment in some areas. The jar's shoulder is decorated with a band of circular punctates interspersed with cross-hatched designs, repeated twice around the jar's circumference. Its base and lower body are surface treated with cord roulette in a zone bounded by a band of diagonal impressions which create a zigzag design ("/\/\"). The jar is fire-clouded in zones across its surface. The jar was found in the vicinty of a grinding stone (GS 08-10), a partial tuyere (NK 08-284) and a burned feature. Rim diameter at exterior lip: 20 cm. Vessel height: 19 cm. Site Ngre Kataa. 15 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17598
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 42N 4W. Piece plot: 39-56 cm S, 37-55 cm W, 66-81 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-15
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Jar; Punctate; Cord roulette
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Pottery; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: NK 08-406
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-15
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

70. Everted-rim pottery jar, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Photo of a pottery jar with a slightly everted rim (NK 08-406), found insitu in an area that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. Above its rounded shoulder, the jar's surface is undecorated, with the possible exception of traces of red pigment in some areas. The jar's shoulder is decorated with a band of circular punctates interspersed with cross-hatched designs, repeated twice around the jar's circumference. Its base and lower body are surface treated with cord roulette in a zone bounded by a band of diagonal impressions which create a zigzag design ("/\/\"). The jar is fire-clouded in zones across its surface. The jar was found in the vicinty of a grinding stone (GS 08-10), a partial tuyere (NK 08-284) and a burned feature. Rim diameter at exterior lip: 20 cm. Vessel height: 19 cm. Site Ngre Kataa. 15 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17598
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 42N 4W. Piece plot: 39-56 cm S, 37-55 cm W, 66-81 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-15
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Jar; Punctate; Cord roulette
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Pottery; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: NK 08-406
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-15
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

71. North wall, unit 46N 2W, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: The mouth of a perforated shrine pot (left) is covered with the pedestaled base of another pot. It remains in situ as the surrounding areas of unit 46N 2W are excavated to lower levels. Behind, the stratified layers of Mound 6 are visible in the unit's north wall. Center (back) are a series of anvil and grinding stones exposed at higher mound levels in other excavation units. During excavations in 2008, a cluster of four anvil/grinding stones was found at a level slightly higher than but adjacent (left/west) to the perforated pot. At right, in lower levels, two grinding stones rest at an angle in association with a burned feature. Archaeologists interpret Mound 6 as a metallurgical workshop at which stratified levels built up through repeated use of the same location. Photo scale in centimeters. Site Ngre Kataa. 2 July, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19112 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17596 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19131
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, unit 46N 2W
Date:: 2009-07-02
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Grinding stone; Stratigraphy
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Metalworking
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009-07-02
Date searchable:: 2009
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

72. Insitu anvil/grinding stones, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: A cluster of four large insitu anvil/grinding stones in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. The stone at the bottom of the photo (GS 08-06) was oriented with its grinding surface down (not, therefore, visible in the photo). The middle right stone (GS 08-07) also rested with its most-used grinding surface down. The largest stone (middle, left, GS 08-05) had no clear working surface. The stone at the back (GS 08-08) was associated with a fist-sized round quartz hammerstone, seen insitu slightly above. Later exavations (2009) revealed a perforated pot (NK 09-750), lidded with the base of another pot (NK 09-750), adjacent to but approximately 40 cm below this cluster in the next excavation unit. Photo scale in 5 cm increments. Arrow pointing north, view looking east. Site Ngre Kataa. 3 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17596
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 46N 4W, Level 3
Date:: 2008-07-03
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Grinding stone; Anvil stone
Subjects Facet:: Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-03
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

73. Slag and copper alloy rod, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: A small piece of slag (top) and a copper alloy ( brass) rod fragment (bottom, SF 08-053). The greenish hue of the rod is a product of weathering. These artifacts were found next to one another in unit 48N 4W in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. They were found adjacent to and below a large grinding stone (GS 08-04). Site Ngre Kataa. 1 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19129
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 4W, Level 4. Piece plot 178 cm S, 142 cm W, 54 cm bd.
Date:: 2008-07-01
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Slag
Subjects Facet:: Copper alloys; Artifacts (Antiquities); Archaeology
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-01
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

74. In situ pottery, anvil and grinding stones, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Wide view of excavation unit 44N 6W in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. Lower left, below the unit's corner stake (44N 6W), the partial rim of an everted jar (NK 08-408) has been pedestaled. It rests with its rim down. Between it and a large anvil stone (GS 08-25, center photo) is a smaller light-colored stone (GS 08-21) and piece of a jar rim. Another jar rim (NK 08-409) has been pedestaled in place to the left (east) of the anvil stone. Behind the anvil stone, an everted-rim jar (NK 08-407, photo stick in front) has been partially exposed. In the unit's center, to the right of the anvil stone, the rounded edge of a burned feature is visible. To the right (west) and in front (north) of that, a photo scale sits alongside an iron projectile point (SF 08-112). The soil around it has been dampened to aid excavation (dark circular area). To its right (west) is another piece of a worn grinding stone (GS 08-20). Visible in the adjacent units (left, east) is a grindstone (GS 08-10) which has been pedestaled in place and to its right a cluster of pottery and a tuyere (NK 08-284). View looking south. Photo bar marked in 5 cm intervals. Site Ngre Kataa. 7 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19138
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, 44N 6W, 70 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-05
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Anvil stone; Grinding stone; Jar
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Metalworking
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-05
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

75. Anvil stone and burned feature, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: An insitu anvil stone (GS 08-25) is surrounded by several fragmentary and one complete pottery vessel (NK08-407) in an area that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. At the top and center (southeast) is a cluster of sherds from a broken pot and a piece of a tuyere. In the lower right, to the west of the anvil stone and framed by photo scales, is a circular burned feature (Feature 2) with an outer ring of oxidized red sediment (Munsell 2.5YR 5/6) and a yellowish red (Munsell 5YR 4/6) center. Features similar to this appeared across this workshop area and may have been created by exposing rounded base containers to high heat. A yellow glass bead (SF 08-234) was found in the fill of a shallow feature characterized by ashy soil and charcoal located immediately south (lower right) of the burned feature. Black-and-white photo scale marked in 5 cm increments. View looking southeast. Site Ngre Kataa. 8 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19137 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19142
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 6W, Feature 2
Date:: 2008-07-08
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Anvil stone; Tuyere
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery;
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-08
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

76. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: A triangular-headed iron projectile point (SF 08-112a) with barbs at the head's base (left) and a long tang (right). The tang is bent, making it unusable. To make an arrow (snini in Nafaanra), the long tang would be inserted into a straight shaft made of bamboo, reed or lightweight wood. The point was exposed insitu in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. It was found in the vicinity of burned features and anvil stones. The point shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Length: 9.8 cm. Weight: 10.2 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 7 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19138 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19137
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 6W, Level 3. Piece plot: 67-71 cm S, 142-156 cm W, 66 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-07
Location(s) Facet:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Projectile points; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 08-112a
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-07
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

77. Insitu iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: A triangular-headed iron projectile point (SF 08-112a) exposed insitu in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. The point's long tang (left) is bent in a way that made it unusable. The soil around the point has been moistened by excavators to facilitate excavation. The point was found in the vicinity of burned features and anvil stones. Photo scale in cm. View looking south. Site Ngre Kataa. 7 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19137
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 6W, Level 3. Piece plot: 67-71 cm S, 142-156 cm W, 66 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-07
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Projectile points; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 08-112a
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-07
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

78. Iron bangle, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: An iron bangle (SF 08-169) made from a round iron rod that has been spiral-twisted. The bangle's ends are flattened and overlap slightly. The bangle was found in association with pottery, other bangles and artifacts (cluster A). Archaeologists interpret this context as part of a larger shrine feature (clusters A-D) that capped a metallurgical workshop. The bangle shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Width: 9.1 cm. Weight: 96.8 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 14 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19143
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 46N 8W, Level 2. Piece plot: 59-68 cm S, 118-127 cm W. 53 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-14
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Ornaments; Bangles; Iron; Shrines; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 08-169
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-14
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

79. Iron bangle, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: An iron bangle (SF 08-139) made by coiling a flat iron rod. One end is pointed, the other squared. The bangle was found in association with pottery, other bangles and artifacts (cluster A). Archaeologists interpret this context as part of a larger shrine feature (clusters A-D) that capped a metallurgical workshop. The bangle shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Width: 6.1 cm. Weight: 21.3 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 9 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19144
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 46N 8W, Level 2. Piece plot: 2-7 cm S, 132-135 cm W, 50-60 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-09
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Ornaments; Bangles; Iron; Shrines; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 08-139
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-09
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

80. Iron bangle, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: An iron bangle (SF 08-182) made by coiling a flat iron rod with thinned pointed ends. The bangle was found in association with pottery, other bangles and artifacts (cluster A). Archaeologists interpret this context as part of a larger shrine feature (clusters A-D) that capped a metallurgical workshop. The bangle shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Width: 8.2 cm. Weight: 38.8 cm. Site Ngre Kataa. 15 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19143
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 46N 8W, Level 1. Piece plot: 0 cm S, 110-117 cm W, 36-38 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-15
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Ornaments; Bangles; Iron; Shrines; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 08-182
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-15
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

81. Iron bangle, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: An iron bangle (SF 09-219) made from a round iron rod, its ends fused to create a continuous circle. The bangle was found beneath a pottery lid in a composition that included a dog cranium and jaw bones (cluster B/11). Archaeologists interpret this context as part of a larger shrine feature (clusters A-D) in a metallurgical workshop. The bangle shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Width: 7.6 cm. Weight: 26.8 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 16 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 8W, Level 5. Piece plot: 108-112 cm S, 137-144 cm W, 108-110 cm bd
Date:: 2009-06-16
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Ornaments; Bangles; Iron; Shrines; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 09-219
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-16
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

82. Iron bangle, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: An iron bangle (SF 09-147) fragment made from a flattened iron rod. The fragment is bent at an acute angle. It was found in association with a pottery lid, other pottery sherds, a dog cranium and jaw bones (cluster B). Archaeologists interpret this context as part of a larger shrine feature (clusters A-D) in a metallurgical workshop. The bangle fragment shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Width: 7.1 cm. Weight: 9.3 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 9 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 8W, Level 2. Piece plot: 93 cm S, 144 cm W, 70-80 cm bd
Date:: 2009-06-09
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Ornaments; Bangles; Iron; Shrines; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 09-147
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-09
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

83. Iron bangle, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: An iron bangle (SF 08-184) made by coiling a flattened iron rod, its ends rounded and overlapping. The bangle was found in association with pottery, other bangles and a dog cranium and jaws (cluster B). Archaeologists interpret this context as part of a larger shrine feature (clusters A-D) that capped a metallurgical workshop. The bangle shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Width: 6.9 cm. Weight: 39.2 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 15 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 8W, Level 2. Piece plot: 121-127 cm S, 140-150 S, 53-58 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-15
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Ornaments; Bangles; Iron; Shrines; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 08-184
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-15
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

84. Base of a shrine cluster, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A tree that took root atop a shrine cluster has been cut back to a stump (center photo). Most of the objects in the shrine clusters (B-C) have been removed. To the left and below the tree stump, clusters of pottery (10 & 11) can be seen, including a red-colored pottery lid oriented vertically (cluster 11). An iron bangle, a dog cranium and dog mandibles were found associated with that lid. To the right (north) of the stump, a tri-looped iron bangle (SF 09-218) has been pedestaled (left of the black-and-white photo scale stick). The level above this had been covered by a cluster (cluster C) of pottery, including several pot lids, together with an iron bangle and a miniature pair of iron manacles. To the east and west, two large anvil stones are visible, one to the right (east) of the tree stump (GS 09-26) and one to the left (west, GS 09-32). To the left of the stump, a burned feature is visible below the pottery cluster (cluster 11). Photo scale bar marked in 5 cm increments. Arrow pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 16 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19153 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19162
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 8W, Level 4
Date:: 2009-06-16
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Excavations (Archaeology); Shrines; Ornaments; Bangles; Dogs; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-16
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

85. Miniature iron shackles from a shrine cluster, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Miniature iron shackles (manacles). The artifact was excavated from a context that archaeologists interpret as a shrine located in metallurgical workshop. The shrine included many pottery jars and lids, iron bangles and other objects. The miniature shackles were placed inside a pottery jar, which was found lying on its side and broken. The shackles have been corroded by rust. Scale in cm. Width: 7.4 cm. Weight: 16.1 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 9-10 June, 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19161
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 8W, Level 3. Piece plot, 41cm S, 75 cm W, 83 cm bd
Date:: 2009-06-10
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Manacles
Subjects Facet:: Shackles; Iron; Leg irons; Handcuffs; Shrines; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF NK 09-171
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-10
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

86. Shrine cluster, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A group of insitu artifacts interpreted by archaeologists as a shrine cluster, located in a metallurgical workshop (mound 6). The cluster included a partial everted-jar rim (upper right), in front of which (north) was a carefully placed group of iron objects, including a flattened iron disc (SF 09-172) standing on edge, a long spike (SF 09-174) positioned horizontally, on top of which rested a half bangle (SF 09-173). To the right (west) of the jar rim is another iron bangle (SF 90-170). To the right of this, surrounded by moistened soil, the edge of a large grinding stone (GS 09-32) is visible. Surrounding these objects are broken pieces of pottery. This cluster (B, 8-10) was part of a larger grouping of objects (clusters A-D) that archaeologists interpret as a shrine feature that capped a metallurgical workshop. Arrow pointing north, view from above. Photo scale marked in 5 cm increments. Site Ngre Kataa. 10 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19164 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19159
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, 48N8W, Level 3
Date:: 2009-06-10
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Pottery; Bangles; Ornaments; Shrines
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-10
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

87. Pottery bowl and iron bangles, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: The body and base of a large pottery bowl has been exposed by exavation in unit 46N 8W. Surrounding this bowl was a cluster of sherds from other pottery vessels, now removed to expose several iron bangles of different shapes and sizes, seen insitu here. Between the bowl and the photo scale is an iron bangle (SF NK 08-169) formed from a spiral-twisted rod. Pedestaled to the right of the bowl (east) is an iron bangle (SF NK 08-140) made from a round rod that was coiled. Visible in the wall behind and to the right of the bowl (north) is a smalled coiled iron bangle made from a flattened piece of iron (SF NK 08-182). This cluster (A) was part of a larger cluster (A-D) of artifacts that archaeologists interpret as a shrine placed in a metallurgical workshop. Rootlets are visible in the wall and floor of the unit. View looking north. Photo scale in 5 cm increments. Site Ngre Kataa. 9 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19144 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19145 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19147 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19148
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 46N 8W, Level 2
Date:: 2008-07-09
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Ornaments; Bangles; Metalworking; Shrines
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-09
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;
Coverage-Temporal:: Ngre Kataa
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

88. Shrine cluster, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A group of insitu artifacts interpreted by archaeologists as a shrine cluster, located in a metallurgical workshop (mound 6). The cluster included a partial everted-jar rim (center), in front of which (north) was a carefully placed group of iron objects, including a flattened iron disc (SF 09-172) standing on edge, a long spike (SF 09-174) positioned horizontally, on top of which rested a half bangle (SF 09-173). To the right (west) of the jar rim is another iron bangle (SF 90-170). These objects are surrounded by broken pieces of pottery. This cluster (B, 8-10) was part of a larger grouping of objects (clusters A-D) that archaeologists interpret as a shrine feature that capped a metallurgical workshop. View looking south. Photo scale marked in 5 cm increments. Site Ngre Kataa. 10 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19160 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19163 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19165 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19166
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, 48N8W, Level 3
Date:: 2009-06-10
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Pottery; Bangles; Ornaments; Shrines
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-10
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

89. Iron spike, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Two views of a large iron spike (SF 09-174) found as part of a carefully laid set of objects that included an iron disc (SF 09-172) and an iron bangle (SF 09-173), among other artifacts (cluster B). Archaeologists interpret this context as part of a larger shrine feature (clusters A-D) in a metallurgical workshop. One side of the spike (lower image) is rounded in profile. On the opposite side (upper image), the spike has been flattened (right side) and its edges curved inward, perhaps to form a casing for a haft. The spike shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Length: 16.5 cm. Weight: 52.3 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 10 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19164 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19160 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19166
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 8W, Level 3. Piece plot: 194 cm S, 188 cm W, 91 cm bd
Date:: 2009-06-10
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Iron; Shrines; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 09-174
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-10
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Commentary:: Composite photo made using Adobe Photoshop 2020
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

90. Iron bangle, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: An iron"bangle" (SF 09-173) made from a flattened iron rod with rounded ends. The bangle is open on one side (1/2 circle). The bangle was found as part of a carefully laid set of objects that included an iron disc (SF 09-172) and iron spike (SF 09-174) among other artifacts (cluster B). Archaeologists interpret this context as part of a larger shrine feature (clusters A-D) in a metallurgical workshop. The bangle shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Width: 5 cm. Weight: 10 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 10 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19164 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19163 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19166
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 8W, Level 6. Piece plot: 194 cm S, 178 cm W, 85 cm bd
Date:: 2009-06-10
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Ornaments; Bangles; Iron; Shrines; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 09-173
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-10
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

91. Iron disc, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: A slightly curved iron disc (SF 09-172). It was found positioned upright among a carefully placed set of objects in what archaeologists interpret as a shrine feature in a metallurgical workshop. A large iron spike (SF 09-174) and an iron bangle (SF 09-173) sat next to it. The disc shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Its function is unknown, though it may be a tool preform. The disc shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Width: 10.7 cm. Weight: 89.8 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 10 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19164 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19163 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19160
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 8W, Level 3. Piece plot: 197 cm S, 178 cm W, 84 cm bd
Date:: 2009-06-10
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Iron tool
Subjects Facet:: Iron; Shrines; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 09-172
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-10
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

92. Yellow glass bead, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: A barrel-shaped drawn glass bead (SF 08-234), opaque yellow in color. The bead is somewhat asymmetrical in shape and has angled ends. Compositional analysis of the bead (via LA-ICP-MS) showed it be made of mineral soda alumina (m-Na-Al) glass, probably produced in South Asia. The bead was found in the fill of a feature adjacent to a circular area of burned soil in a context (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. Scale in cm. Length: 4.6 mm. Weight: 0.18 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 17 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19141
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 6W, 78-91 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-17
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities); Glass beads; Ornaments
Identifier:: SF 08-234
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-17
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

93. Iron bangle, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: An iron bangle (SF 09-170) made from a round iron rod with flattened ends. The bangle is open on one side (3/4 circle). The bangle was found in association with pottery, other bangles and artifacts (cluster B). Archaeologists interpret this context as part of a larger shrine feature (clusters A-D) in a metallurgical workshop. The bangle shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Width: 5 cm. Weight: 8.2 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 10 June 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19164 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19165
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 8W, Level 6. Piece plot: 98 cm S, 196 cm W, 79 cm bd
Date:: 2009-06-10
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Ornaments; Bangles; Iron; Shrines; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 09-170
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-06-10
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

94. Pottery bowl and iron bangles, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: The body and base of a large pottery bowl has been exposed by exavation in unit 46N 8W. Surrounding this bowl was a cluster of sherds from other pottery vessels, now removed to expose several iron bangles of different shapes and sizes, seen insitu here. At the base of the photo, center, is an iron bangle (SF NK 08-169) formed from a spiral-twisted rod. Pedestaled to the right of the bowl (east) is an iron bangle (SF NK 08-140) made from a round rod that was coiled. Visible in the wall behind and to the right of the bowl (north; above the photo scale) is a small coiled iron bangle made from a flattened piece of iron (SF NK 08-182). A smaller bangle-like artifact lies directly above the pot, center photo (north; SF 08-139). This area (cluster A) was part of a larger cluster (clusters A-D) of artifacts that archaeologists interpret as a shrine placed in a metallurgical workshop. Rootlets are visible in the wall and floor of the unit. View from above, north at top of photo. Photo scale in cm increments. Site Ngre Kataa. 9 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19143 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19145 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19146 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19148
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 46N 8W, Level 2
Date:: 2008-07-09
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Ornaments; Bangles; Metalworking; Shrines
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-09
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

95. Iron bangle, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: An iron bangle (SF 08-183) made from a spiral-twisted round iron rod with overlapping ends. The bangle was found in association with pottery, other bangles and a dog cranium and jaws (cluster B). Archaeologists interpret this context as part of a larger shrine feature (clusters A-D) that capped a metallurgical workshop. The bangle shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Width: 9.5 cm. Weight: 115.5 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 15 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19169
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 8W, Level 1. Piece plot: 112-122 cm S, 138-148 cm W, 37 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-15
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Ornaments; Bangles; Iron; Shrines; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 08-183
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-15
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

96. Iron bangle, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: An iron bangle (SF 08-184) made by coiling a flattened iron rod, its ends rounded and overlapping. The bangle was found in association with a concentration of artifacts, including pottery, other iron bangles, a dog skull and jaw bones (cluster B), that archaeologists interpret as part of a larger shrine feature (clusters A-D). This feature capped stratigraphic layers in a metallurgical workshop (mound 6). The bangle shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Width: 6.9 cm. Weight: 39.2 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 15 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19149
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 8W, Level 2. Piece plot: 121-127 cm S, 140-150 S, 53-58 cm bd
Date:: 2008-07-15
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:: Ornaments; Bangles; Iron; Shrines; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:: SF 08-184
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-15
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

97. Insitu pottery and grinding stones, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: View looking northward of early stage excavations at mound 6, Ngre Kataa, an area that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. Center view is of units 42-48N 4W. In foreground, excavations in units 42N 4W and 44N 4W ave exposed clusters of pottery, a grinding stones, tuyeres and an area of burned soil associated with metal working. Foreground, bottom right, are a partial pottery jar (NK 08-520) and to its right (east) a small flat grinding stone (GS 08-12; ). To the left (west), framed by photo scales, is a burned feature. Next to it sits a hand-held hammerstone (GS 08-11). Above (to the north), a cluster of pottery and a partial tuyere (NK 08-284) are visible along the boundary between excavation units (marked by stakes). To the right of that cluster (east), a grinding stone (GS 08-10) has been pedestaled where it was found, resting with its working surface face down. A whole pottery vessel sit at a slightly lower level (NK 08-406) a short distance away (south east). Top center of the photo, at the far end of the excavated area, a cluster of anvil stones is visible (GS 08-05 to 08) in excavation unit 46N 4W. Excavations in the adjacent unit (46N 2W) in 2009 revealed a perforated shrine pot resting at a slightly lower level next to these stones. Photo scale adjacent to burned feature marked in 5 cm intervals. View looking north. Site Ngre Kataa. 5 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19136 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17598 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19132 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19135
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, 42-48N 4W, Level 2
Date:: 2008-07-05
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Anvil stone; Grinding stone
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Metalworking
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-05
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

98. Insitu anvil/grinding stones and burned feature, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:: Looking eastward over excavation unit 48N 10W toward unit 48N 8W in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop, a series of anvil/grinding stones have been left in place and a burned feature exposed. Foreground, right, a large anvil stone (GS 09-33) rests atop another stone (GS 09-34). To the right (south), the circular rim of an everted-rim jar has been left in place. To the left (north) is a zone of darker ashy soil flecked with charcoal. Center photo is an anvil stone (GS 09-32), against which a partial elephant tusk--now removed--was found resting. Behind this stone is a tree root and base of a tree stump. The area from this stone (GS 09-32) and extending beyond the stump had been covered with artifacts (clusters B-D, now removed) that archaeologists interpret as a large shrine feature. Some of these artifacts were superimposed directly over the amorphous orange-red burned feature (center photo), which was likely created by high heat associated with forging metals. Other smaller stones have been left in place across the unit. Photo scales marked in 5 cm increments, arrows pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 4 July 2009.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19171
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Units 48N 10W, 48 N 8W, Level 4
Date:: 2009-07-04
Location(s) Facet:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111
Subjects:: Anvil stone; Grinding stone; Jar
Subjects Facet:: Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Pottery; Metalworking; Forging
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2009
Date searchable:: 2009-07-04
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

99. In situ pottery and grinding stones, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Excavations in units 42N 4W and 44N 4W have exposed clusters of pottery, grinding stones, tuyeres and an area of burned soil associated with metal working at mound 6, Ngre Kataa. Foreground, bottom right, are a partial pottery jar (NK 08-520) and a small flat grinding stone (GS 08-12; partially visible). To the left (west), framed by photo scales, is a burned feature. Next to it sits a hand-held hammerstone (GS 08-11). Above (to the north), a cluster of pottery and a partial tuyere (NK 08-284) are visible along the boundary between excavation units (marked by stakes). To the right of that cluster (east), a grinding stone (GS 08-10) has been pedestaled where it was found, resting with its working surface face down. Two pottery vessels sit at a slightly lower level (NK 08-406). Top center of the photo, at the far end of the excavated area, a cluster of anvil stones is visible (GS 08-05 to 08) in excavation unit 46N 4W. Photo scale adjacent to burned feature marked in 5 cm intervals. View looking north. Site Ngre Kataa. 7 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19175 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17598 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19132 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19135
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, 42-46N 4W, Level 2
Date:: 2008-07-05
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Grinding stone; Anvil stone
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Metalworking
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008
Date searchable:: 2008-07-05
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Source:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

100. In situ pottery and grinding stones, unit 42N 4W, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:: Excavations in unit 42N 4W have exposed clusters of pottery, grinding stones, tuyeres and an area of burned soil associated with metal working at Mound 6, Ngre Kataa. Foreground, left, a grinding stone (GS 08-10) rests with its working surface face down. It sits at a slightly higher level than a nearby (left) whole pottery jar (NK 08-406). To the right of these, a partial pot (NK 08-282) and a tuyere fragment (NK 08-284) are clustered together with two halves of a broken pottery jar, lying with its exterior surface facing down. To the south (behind), near the sign board and framed by photo scales, is a burned feature. Next to it sits a hand-held hammerstone (GS 08-11). Another partial pottery jar (NK 08-520) and a small flat grinding stone (GS 08-12) have been exposed to the left of the sign board at 77 cm below the unit's datum. The narrow dark bands visible in the soil are the traces of animal burrows. Photo scale adjacent to the sign board in centimeters. View looking south. Site Ngre Kataa. 7 July 2008.
Rights:: Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:: University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:: https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19136 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19177 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19132 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19135
Provenance:: Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, unit 42N 4W
Date:: 2008-07-07
Location(s) Facet:: Ngre Kataa
Subjects:: Grinding stone; Burned basin; Tuyere
Subjects Facet:: Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Handicrafts; Metalworking; Pottery
Creator:: Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:: 2008-07-07
Date searchable:: 2008
Genre:: Digital image
Genre Facet:: Digital image
Format:: Image
Location(s):: Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Geographic Coordinates:: 8.11277778, -2.30611111

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1. Grinding stone, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2008

2. Drawing a plan map, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2008

3. Archaeological team members, Ngre Kataa, 2008

4. Chief of Nyire visiting Ngre Kataa, 2009

5. Traces of a building, Mound 7, Ngre Kataa, 2009

6. Screening soil at Ngre Kataa, 2008

7. Banda Heritage Community Event, 2011

8. Banda Heritage Community Event, 2011

9. Banda Heritage Community Event, 2011

10. Banda Heritage Community Event, 2011

11. Archaeological team members, Makala Kataa, 1990

12. Archaeological team members, Makala Kataa, 1989

13. Posters on display at the Banda Cultural Centre, 2011

14. Traces of a building, Mound 7, Ngre Kataa, 2009

15. Crucible, Kuulo Kataa, 2000

16. Bell-shaped copper alloy pendant, Kuulo Kataa, 2000

17. Iron serpentine sculpture, Kuulo Kataa, 1995

18. Front and side views of a twinned copper alloy figurine, Kuulo Kataa, 2000

19. Front and side views of a copper alloy figurine, Kuulo Kataa, 2000

20. Copper alloy finger ring, Kuulo Kataa, 1995

21. Twinned copper alloy figurine, Kuulo Kataa, 1995

22. Miniature copper alloy spoon, Ngre Kataa, 2009

23. Large slag nodule, Ngre Kataa, Mound 8, 2008

24. Large slag nodule, Ngre Kataa, Mound 8, 2008

25. Pottery sherd with slag temper, Ngre Kataa, 2008

26. Traces of a building, Mound 7, Ngre Kataa, 2009

27. Gunflint or strike-a-light from Makala Kataa, 1990

28. Iron strike-a-light, Makala Kataa

29. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2009

30. Tanged iron blade, Kuulo Kataa, 2000

31. Tanged iron blade, Kuulo Kataa, 1995

32. Tanged iron blade, Ngre Kataa, 2009

33. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2009

34. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2008

35. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2008

36. Shrine cluster, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2008

37. Tanged iron blade, Ngre Kataa, 2008

38. Iron bangle, Ngre Kataa, 2008

39. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2008

40. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2009

41. Twinned copper alloy figurine, Ngre Kataa, 2008

42. Twinned copper alloy figurine, Ngre Kataa, 2008

43. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2008

44. Excavations at a metal working area, Ngre Kataa, 2009

45. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2009

46. Iron projectile point, Ngre Kataa, 2009

47. In situ grinding stones and pottery, unit 44N 4W, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2008

48. Burned feature in a metallurgical workshop, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

49. Burned feature, unit 50N 4W, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

50. Iron projectile point fragment, Ngre Kataa, 2009

51. Insitu artifact cluster, mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

52. Partial pottery vessel, Ngre Kataa, 2009

53. Copper alloy (brass) bar, Ngre Kataa, 2009

54. Insitu artifact cluster, mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

55. Iron disc, Ngre Kataa, 2009

56. 17-19103

57. Anvil and grinding stones in a metallurgical workshop, Ngre Kataa, 2009

58. Burned features unit 50N 8W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

59. Stratified deposits, south wall, unit 50N 0W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

60. Stratified deposits, south wall, unit 50N 0W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

61. Excavated burned basins, unit 50N 8W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

62. Burned feature, unit 46N 2W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

63. Burned feature, unit 46N 2W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

64. Anvil stone in a metallurgical workshop, Ngre Kataa, 2009

65. Copper wire finger ring in situ, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

66. Copper wire finger ring, Ngre Kataa, 2009

67. Pottery jar, mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2008

68. Insitu grinding stone and jar, mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2008

69. Everted-rim pottery jar, Ngre Kataa, 2008

70. Everted-rim pottery jar, Ngre Kataa, 2008