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Start Over Date 1994

1. Interior of a courtyard house, Makala, 1994

Description:
The interior of a courtyard house surrounded by thatch-roofed rooms. Houses like this were often built over time, with rooms added as needed, gradually enclosing the interior courtyard. The compound in this photo is fully enclosed, with a doorway to the exterior visible in the center, back. Four hearths are visible in the courtyard, surrounded by a variety of metal vessels used in food preparation and other daily activities. Left, a pestle lies on the ground surrounded by groundnut (peanut, boŋgrɛ in Nafaanra) shells. Makala, July, 1994.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:
Makala
Subjects:
Metal pots; Groundnuts (peanuts); Headpans
Subjects Facet:
Food preparation; Courtyard houses; Thatched roofs; Mortars & pestles; Hearths
Identifier:
26
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
1994
Date searchable:
1994-07
Genre:
35 mm slide
Genre Facet:
35 mm slide
Location(s):
Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
Date Digitized:
2016
People Facet:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Commentary:
Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
Geographic Coordinates:
8.142358, -2.383358

2. Interior of a compound house, Makala, 1994

Description:
A youngster helps a woman remove a loaded headpan as she approaches the thatch-roofed veranda of a room in a compound house. A variety of metal containers used to prepare food and for other household tasks are placed about, along with several calabash bowls and low stools used in this kitchen area. A headpan containing dishes rests on a cluster of hearth stones, lower right. Makala, July, 1994.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:
Makala
Subjects:
Headloading; Metal pots; Headpans
Subjects Facet:
Stools; Thatched roofs; Gourd, Calabash; Courtyards; Lifting and carrying
Identifier:
27
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
1994
Date searchable:
1994-07
Genre:
35 mm slide
Genre Facet:
35 mm slide
Location(s):
Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
Date Digitized:
2016
People Facet:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Commentary:
Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
Geographic Coordinates:
8.142358, -2.383358

3. Exterior of a compound house, Makala, 1994

Description:
The exterior of a compound house made of adjoining rooms oriented around a rectangular courtyard. These were often built over time, with rooms added as needed, gradually enclosing the interior courtyard. The compound in this photo is open on one side, rooms surrounding the other three sides of the courtyard. Atakpame walls are visible as are the gabled thatched roofs that protect walls from erosion by rain. Makala, July, 1994.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:
Makala
Subjects:
Atakpame
Subjects Facet:
Courtyard houses; Thatched roofs; Building, Clay; Housing
Identifier:
23
Creator:
Dr. Brian Thomas
Contributors:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
1994
Date searchable:
1994-07
Genre:
35 mm slide
Genre Facet:
35 mm slide
Location(s):
Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
Date Digitized:
2016
People Facet:
Dr. Brian Thomas
Commentary:
Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
Geographic Coordinates:
8.142358, -2.383358

4. Exterior wall of a compound house, Makala, 1994

Description:
Exterior wall of a compound house covered by a thatched roof. The coursed earth (atakpame) wall was built in stages as rooms were added. An exterior roof support pole is visible to the left. A coconut palm, an unusual tree in this area of savanna woodland far from the coast, is visible in the background. Houses and surrounding streets are kept clear of grass and other plants. Makala, July 1994.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:
Makala
Subjects:
Coconut palm; Atakpame
Subjects Facet:
Thatched roofs; Villages; Housing; Building, Clay
Identifier:
35
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
1994
Date searchable:
1994-07
Genre:
35 mm slide
Genre Facet:
35 mm slide
Location(s):
Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
Date Digitized:
2016
People Facet:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Commentary:
Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
Geographic Coordinates:
8.142358, -2.383358

5. Exterior house wall, Makala, 1994

Description:
The exterior wall of an atakpame (coursed earth) house. Atakpame is a technique for building durable earthen walls that can stand for many decades. The thatched roof is supported by interior and exterior posts and does not rest on the walls. When covered by well-maintained thatched roofs, the walls are protected from erosion by rain. A goat walks on the street outside. Makala, July, 1994.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:
Makala
Subjects:
Atakpame
Subjects Facet:
Goats; Thatched roofs; Building, Clay; Exterior walls; Housing
Identifier:
34
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
1994
Date searchable:
1994-07
Genre:
35 mm slide
Genre Facet:
35 mm slide
Location(s):
Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
Date Digitized:
2016
People Facet:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Commentary:
Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
Geographic Coordinates:
8.142358, -2.383358

6. Doorway of a compound house, Makala, 1994

Description:
A woman sifts flour in the foreground as two women in the background pound maize (corn, bledju in Nafaanra) in wooden mortars. The women are sheltered from the sun by the thatched roof that covers this entrance to the house compound. View to the street beyond. Makala, July, 1994.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:
Makala
Subjects:
Metal pots; Pounding; Headpans
Subjects Facet:
Food processing; Thatched roofs; Mortars & pestles; Housing
Identifier:
32
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
1994
Date searchable:
1994-07
Genre:
35 mm slide
Genre Facet:
35 mm slide
Location(s):
Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
Date Digitized:
2016
People Facet:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Commentary:
Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
Geographic Coordinates:
8.142358, -2.383358

7. Floor of an interior courtyard, Makala, 1994

Description:
Large stones, some used as grindstones, are placed about the corner of this courtyard. Groundnut (peanut, boŋgrɛ in Nafaanra) shells lay on the ground at the feet of a child. A carved wooden stool appears alongside stools made from sawed boards, the latter typical of those taken to school by children each day and those used by women as they sit hearth-side while cooking. Two calabash bowls (chrԑgbͻͻ in Nafaanra) sit nearby. Makala, July, 1994.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:
Makala
Subjects:
Grindstones; Groundnuts (peanuts)
Subjects Facet:
Stools; Villages; Gourd, Calabash; Courtyards; Grinding; Housing; Building, Clay
Identifier:
38?
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
1994
Date searchable:
1994-07
Genre:
35 mm slide
Genre Facet:
35 mm slide
Location(s):
Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
Date Digitized:
2016
People Facet:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Commentary:
Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
Geographic Coordinates:
8.142358, -2.383358

8. Main street, Makala, 1994

Description:
A view of Makala's wide main street, standing at the west edge of town, looking eastward. A mango tree grows in the street at the far end of the street. Atakpame (coursed earthen-walled) houses with thatched roofs line the street. A single house with a metal roof is visible to the right of the mango tree. The streets and areas around houses are kept clear of plants. Makala, July, 1994.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:
Makala
Subjects:
Mango tree
Subjects Facet:
Thatched roofs; Metal roofing; Streets; Villages
Identifier:
8
Creator:
Dr. Brian Thomas
Contributors:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
1994
Date searchable:
1994-07
Genre:
35 mm slide
Genre Facet:
35 mm slide
Location(s):
Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
Date Digitized:
2016
People Facet:
Dr. Brian Thomas
Commentary:
Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
Geographic Coordinates:
8.142358, -2.383358

9. Tobacco field west of Ahenkro, 1994

Description:
A field planted with tobacco near the Banda hills northwest of Ahenkro. Banda area farmers began to go into commercial tobacco farming in the 1980s. In preparation to grow tobacco, fields were clear cut and plowed by tractor. Tobacco seedlings were transplanted into the mono-cropped fields. Farmers used commercial fertilizers supplied by tobacco buyers who advanced money on cured leaves. These large cleared fields rapidly lost soil fertility. After tobacco farming was banned by the Traditional Council in the early 2000s, these open fields were often planted with other cash crops, like cashew. Northwest of Ahenkro, 1994.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17514 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-16786
Location(s) Facet:
Banda
Subjects:
Fertilizers; Tractor plowing
Subjects Facet:
Tobacco; Agriculture; Cash crops; Agricultural lands
Identifier:
28
Creator:
Dr. M. Dores Cruz
Contributors:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
1994
Date searchable:
1994-06/07
Genre:
35 mm slide
Genre Facet:
35 mm slide
Location(s):
Banda;8.167263, -2.366883
Date Digitized:
2016
People Facet:
Dr. M. Dores Cruz
Commentary:
Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
Geographic Coordinates:
8.167263, -2.366883

10. Tobacco drying barns, south side of Ahenkro, 1994

Description:
By 1994, many Banda farmers had gone into tobacco farming. Money was advanced to farmers by tobacco companies to purchase the cement and iron sheets needed to build drying barns. The buyers also advanced commercial fertilizer needed to grow the cash crop. A tractor supplied by the company was used to prepare fields for the seedlings and to transport firewood from surrounding areas to the barns. Large amounts of wood were used to stoke fires in the drying barns. South side of Ahenkro, June-July, 1994.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Location(s) Facet:
Ahenkro
Subjects:
Drying barns; Fertilizer; Wood piles
Subjects Facet:
Tobacco; Cash crops; Firewood
Identifier:
5
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
1994
Date searchable:
1994-07
Genre:
35 mm slide
Genre Facet:
35 mm slide
Location(s):
Ahenkro;8.163383, -2.357502
Date Digitized:
2016
People Facet:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Commentary:
Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
Geographic Coordinates:
8.163383, -2.357502