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1. Interior of a courtyard house, Makala, 1994
- Description:
- The interior of a courtyard house surrounded by thatch-roofed rooms. Houses like this were often built over time, with rooms added as needed, gradually enclosing the interior courtyard. The compound in this photo is fully enclosed, with a doorway to the exterior visible in the center, back. Four hearths are visible in the courtyard, surrounded by a variety of metal vessels used in food preparation and other daily activities. Left, a pestle lies on the ground surrounded by groundnut (peanut, boŋgrɛ in Nafaanra) shells. Makala, July, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Makala
- Subjects:
- Metal pots; Groundnuts (peanuts); Headpans
- Subjects Facet:
- Food preparation; Courtyard houses; Thatched roofs; Mortars & pestles; Hearths
- Identifier:
- 26
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994-07
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.142358, -2.383358
2. Interior of a compound house, Makala, 1994
- Description:
- A youngster helps a woman remove a loaded headpan as she approaches the thatch-roofed veranda of a room in a compound house. A variety of metal containers used to prepare food and for other household tasks are placed about, along with several calabash bowls and low stools used in this kitchen area. A headpan containing dishes rests on a cluster of hearth stones, lower right. Makala, July, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Makala
- Subjects:
- Headloading; Metal pots; Headpans
- Subjects Facet:
- Stools; Thatched roofs; Gourd, Calabash; Courtyards; Lifting and carrying
- Identifier:
- 27
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994-07
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.142358, -2.383358
3. Exterior of a compound house, Makala, 1994
- Description:
- The exterior of a compound house made of adjoining rooms oriented around a rectangular courtyard. These were often built over time, with rooms added as needed, gradually enclosing the interior courtyard. The compound in this photo is open on one side, rooms surrounding the other three sides of the courtyard. Atakpame walls are visible as are the gabled thatched roofs that protect walls from erosion by rain. Makala, July, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Makala
- Subjects:
- Atakpame
- Subjects Facet:
- Courtyard houses; Thatched roofs; Building, Clay; Housing
- Identifier:
- 23
- Creator:
- Dr. Brian Thomas
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994-07
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.142358, -2.383358
4. Exterior wall of a compound house, Makala, 1994
- Description:
- Exterior wall of a compound house covered by a thatched roof. The coursed earth (atakpame) wall was built in stages as rooms were added. An exterior roof support pole is visible to the left. A coconut palm, an unusual tree in this area of savanna woodland far from the coast, is visible in the background. Houses and surrounding streets are kept clear of grass and other plants. Makala, July 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Makala
- Subjects:
- Coconut palm; Atakpame
- Subjects Facet:
- Thatched roofs; Villages; Housing; Building, Clay
- Identifier:
- 35
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994-07
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.142358, -2.383358
5. Exterior house wall, Makala, 1994
- Description:
- The exterior wall of an atakpame (coursed earth) house. Atakpame is a technique for building durable earthen walls that can stand for many decades. The thatched roof is supported by interior and exterior posts and does not rest on the walls. When covered by well-maintained thatched roofs, the walls are protected from erosion by rain. A goat walks on the street outside. Makala, July, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Makala
- Subjects:
- Atakpame
- Subjects Facet:
- Goats; Thatched roofs; Building, Clay; Exterior walls; Housing
- Identifier:
- 34
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994-07
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.142358, -2.383358
6. Doorway of a compound house, Makala, 1994
- Description:
- A woman sifts flour in the foreground as two women in the background pound maize (corn, bledju in Nafaanra) in wooden mortars. The women are sheltered from the sun by the thatched roof that covers this entrance to the house compound. View to the street beyond. Makala, July, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Makala
- Subjects:
- Metal pots; Pounding; Headpans
- Subjects Facet:
- Food processing; Thatched roofs; Mortars & pestles; Housing
- Identifier:
- 32
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994-07
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.142358, -2.383358
7. Floor of an interior courtyard, Makala, 1994
- Description:
- Large stones, some used as grindstones, are placed about the corner of this courtyard. Groundnut (peanut, boŋgrɛ in Nafaanra) shells lay on the ground at the feet of a child. A carved wooden stool appears alongside stools made from sawed boards, the latter typical of those taken to school by children each day and those used by women as they sit hearth-side while cooking. Two calabash bowls (chrԑgbͻͻ in Nafaanra) sit nearby. Makala, July, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Makala
- Subjects:
- Grindstones; Groundnuts (peanuts)
- Subjects Facet:
- Stools; Villages; Gourd, Calabash; Courtyards; Grinding; Housing; Building, Clay
- Identifier:
- 38?
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994-07
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.142358, -2.383358
8. Main street, Makala, 1994
- Description:
- A view of Makala's wide main street, standing at the west edge of town, looking eastward. A mango tree grows in the street at the far end of the street. Atakpame (coursed earthen-walled) houses with thatched roofs line the street. A single house with a metal roof is visible to the right of the mango tree. The streets and areas around houses are kept clear of plants. Makala, July, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Makala
- Subjects:
- Mango tree
- Subjects Facet:
- Thatched roofs; Metal roofing; Streets; Villages
- Identifier:
- 8
- Creator:
- Dr. Brian Thomas
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994-07
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Makala;8.142358, -2.383358
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.142358, -2.383358
9. Tobacco field west of Ahenkro, 1994
- Description:
- A field planted with tobacco near the Banda hills northwest of Ahenkro. Banda area farmers began to go into commercial tobacco farming in the 1980s. In preparation to grow tobacco, fields were clear cut and plowed by tractor. Tobacco seedlings were transplanted into the mono-cropped fields. Farmers used commercial fertilizers supplied by tobacco buyers who advanced money on cured leaves. These large cleared fields rapidly lost soil fertility. After tobacco farming was banned by the Traditional Council in the early 2000s, these open fields were often planted with other cash crops, like cashew. Northwest of Ahenkro, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Relation:
- https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17514 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-16786
- Location(s) Facet:
- Banda
- Subjects:
- Fertilizers; Tractor plowing
- Subjects Facet:
- Tobacco; Agriculture; Cash crops; Agricultural lands
- Identifier:
- 28
- Creator:
- Dr. M. Dores Cruz
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994-06/07
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Banda;8.167263, -2.366883
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.167263, -2.366883
10. Tobacco drying barns, south side of Ahenkro, 1994
- Description:
- By 1994, many Banda farmers had gone into tobacco farming. Money was advanced to farmers by tobacco companies to purchase the cement and iron sheets needed to build drying barns. The buyers also advanced commercial fertilizer needed to grow the cash crop. A tractor supplied by the company was used to prepare fields for the seedlings and to transport firewood from surrounding areas to the barns. Large amounts of wood were used to stoke fires in the drying barns. South side of Ahenkro, June-July, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Ahenkro
- Subjects:
- Drying barns; Fertilizer; Wood piles
- Subjects Facet:
- Tobacco; Cash crops; Firewood
- Identifier:
- 5
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994-07
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Ahenkro;8.163383, -2.357502
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.163383, -2.357502
11. Women preparing food, Dorbour, 1994
- Description:
- Kitchen area of a household in Dorbour. Several hearths are clustered in the center of the open courtyard surrounded by low wooden stools. Several wooden mortars of varying sizes and a number of pestles are clustered along a porch. Pottery and metal pots used in cooking are near the hearth. A goat forages for food amid the hearths. Large vessels to the far left store liquid (water, or possibly pito, locally made beer). The courtyard is surrounded by thatch- and metal-roofed rooms. Dorbour, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Dorbour
- Subjects:
- Metal pots; Pito
- Subjects Facet:
- Goats; Food preparation; Stools; Thatched roofs; Mortars & pestles; Metal roofing; Courtyards; Pottery; Housing; Hearths
- Identifier:
- 13
- Creator:
- Dr. M. Dores Cruz
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Dorbour;8.090342, -2.517137
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.090342, -2.517137
12. Hearths in Dorbour, 1994
- Description:
- Hearths in a Dorbour household. One of three visible hearths is in use, a metal cooking pot suspended over a fire fueled by firewood. A wooden mortar and several pestles are at ready in the background. In the foreground (right) a clay cooking pot rests on top of a metal basin that has been re-purposed as a pot stand. A large metal pot, a calabash bowl (chrԑgbͻͻ in Nafaanra) and a plastic cup sit behind the clay pot. Dorbour, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Dorbour
- Subjects:
- Metal pots; Plastic containers
- Subjects Facet:
- Food preparation; Mortars & pestles; Hearths; Gourd, Calabash; Pottery; Firewood
- Identifier:
- 19
- Creator:
- Dr. M. Dores Cruz
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Dorbour;8.090342, -2.517137
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.090342, -2.517137
13. Pottery hearth, Dorbour, 1994
- Description:
- A courtyard hearth in a Dorbour household. The hearth "stones" are clay pots turned upside down and embedded in the ground. A pottery cooking jar rests on the hearth, the firewood pulled away from the hearth while it is not in use. A metal cooking pot and headpan have caught the interest of a foraging goat. Dorbour, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Dorbour
- Subjects:
- Metal pots; Headpans
- Subjects Facet:
- Goats; Food preparation; Hearths; Courtyards; Pottery; Firewood
- Identifier:
- 16
- Creator:
- Dr. M. Dores Cruz
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Dorbour;8.090342, -2.517137
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.090342, -2.517137
14. Road leading to Bui Village, 1994
- Description:
- The road to Bui Village was a rough track that ran west and north out of Bui Camp, headquarters of the Bui National Park. Bui Village is visible in the foreground of the mountain. The mountain lies to the north of the Black Volta River and formed part of the ridge used to construct the Bui Dam. The people of Bui Village were relocated beginning in 2010 and their former home flooded as Bui lake formed behind Bui Dam after 2013.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Relation:
- https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17166
- Location(s) Facet:
- Bui
- Subjects:
- Vegetation
- Subjects Facet:
- Roads; Villages; Mountains
- Identifier:
- 27
- Creator:
- Dr. M. Dores Cruz
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Bui;8.265169, -2.277448
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.265169, -2.277448
15. Approaching Ahenkro from the south, 1994
- Description:
- A new road (the "4th Republic Road") connecting Kanka directly to Ahenkro and bypassing Kabruno was built in about 1993. The newly grated road is seen here from the north side of Kanka, looking northward toward Ahenkro, visible in the distance. June, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Relation:
- https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-16822 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-16804
- Location(s) Facet:
- Kanka
- Subjects Facet:
- Roads; Mountains; Landscapes
- Identifier:
- 9
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994-06
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Kanka;8.145431, -2.339167
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.145431, -2.339167
16. Road leading from Kanka to Nyire, 1994.
- Description:
- By 1994, work on the 4th Republic Road (as it was then known) extended the grated motorable road from Kanka to Nyire. Westward view mid-way between Nyire and Kanka, June, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Relation:
- https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-16819
- Location(s) Facet:
- Banda
- Subjects:
- Vegetation
- Subjects Facet:
- Roads; Mountains; Landscapes
- Identifier:
- 25
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994-06
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Banda;8.145431, -2.339167
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.145431, -2.339167
17. Road leading from Kanka to Nyire, 1994
- Description:
- By 1994, work on the 4th Republic Road (as it was then known) extended the grated motorable road from Kanka to Nyire. View to the west on the approach to Kanka, Banda mountain range visible in the distance. July, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Banda
- Subjects:
- Vegetation; Kanka
- Subjects Facet:
- Roads; Mountains; Landscapes
- Identifier:
- 10
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994-07
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Banda;8.140576, -2.330270
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.140576, -2.330270
18. Road leading northward from Ahenkro, 1994
- Description:
- Newly grated and guttered road leading northward from Ahenkro toward Bongase viewed from the north edge of Ahenkro. The Banda hills are visible in the background. July, 1994
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Ahenkro
- Subjects Facet:
- Roads; Villages; Mountains
- Identifier:
- 7
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994-07
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Ahenkro;8.168887, -2.353523
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.168887, -2.353523
19. Painting a spindle whorl, Kokua, 1994
- Description:
- Spindle whorls (gԑndԑ kaan in Nafaanra) are made by Muslim men in Kokua, a village on the Sampa-Asri road. Here a man decorates fired clay whorls, applying bands of colors (white, red, yellow) to their dark surface. He applies the color using a stylus, twisting the whorl to create horizontal bands around the whorl's circumference. In the foreground a finished spindle whorl sits on top of unpainted whorls in a metal pot. A bundle of thin wooden spindles sits at the man's foot, next to a calabash that holds white pigment. Yellow pigment is held by another container, possibly a turtle shell (carapace). Next to it, a red pigment stone (ochre) rests on a heavily worn grinding stone. The beauty of such a painted spindle whorl inspired the Nafaanra proverb "Chlͻ were nyu na gԑndԑ yi" (The woman is as beautiful as the spindle whorl.") Archaeological examples of whorls found on late 18th- and 19th-century sites in the Banda area are often shaped like these from Kokua, but few show signs of paint, perhaps because it has worn off during use. Kokua, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Kokua
- Subjects:
- Men's work; Decoration; Paint; Grinding stone
- Subjects Facet:
- Handicraft; Spindle whorls; Ocher
- Identifier:
- 16
- Creator:
- Dr. M. Dores Cruz
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Kokua;7.852430, -2.646146
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 7.852430, -2.646146
20. Houses and courtyards, Adadiem, 1994
- Description:
- A view across a compound courtyard toward the courtyard of a neighboring house. Several hearths have clay pots resting on their hearth stones (gbunu in Nafaanra). Two wooden mortars are nearby. The house in the distance is made of sun-dried blocks, with one side of the house roofed with metal and the other side thatch. The ground is clear of plants and clean swept. Adadiem, 1994.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Location(s) Facet:
- Adadiem
- Subjects:
- Adadiem
- Subjects Facet:
- Thatched roofs; Mortars & pestles; Metal roofing; Courtyards; Pottery; Bricks; Hearths
- Identifier:
- 33
- Creator:
- Dr. M. Dores Cruz
- Contributors:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Date searchable:
- 1994
- Genre Facet:
- 35 mm slide
- Location(s):
- Adadiem;8.082874, -2.552821
- Date Digitized:
- 2016
- Commentary:
- Slide scanned by Veronique Plante
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.082874, -2.552821