Calabash drums accompany songs sung by Nafana women during the celebration of puberty (Manaa Ndiom) and marriage (Bijam) rites. These drums are played exclusively by women. The drums are made by filling a large hollowed-out calabash or gourd (chrɛ in Nafaanra) with water. A smaller calabash bowl (chrɛgbɔɔ in Nafaanra) floating upright in the water provides the surface on which the women drum. This short video shows the technique by which women strike the floating calabash and the rim of the large calabash with small calabash ladles held in their right hands. Visible at the bottom of the larger calabash drum are maize (bleju in Nafaanra) kernels tossed into the drum by passing dancers. The women sing as they drum. Boase, 11 November, 2018. Length: .23 minutes.
Part 4 of a four-part video, based on an interview with Adjua Tini of Habaa Katoo. Though the interview was concluded, Adjua Tini wanted to close the session with a song. One song led to another, and soon she was joined by Lelԑԑ Yahͻͻ, with whom she sang a number of songs associated with courtship, marriage and funerals. Several songs toward the end of the short film are not accompanied by video footage. Ahenkro. Length: 00:36.05 minutes.