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ngre phase (late)
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- Description:
- Triangular-headed iron projectile point (SF 09-033) with a slightly squared base (left ) and a short tang (right). To make an arrow (snini in Nafaanra), the tang was inserted into a straight shaft made of bamboo, reed or lightweight wood to which it was hafted. This artifact was found close to several anvil/grinding stones in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. The projectile point shows signs of corrosion by rusting. Scale in cm. Length: 8.1 cm. Weight: 9.3 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 30 May 2009.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Relation:
- https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19181
- Provenance:
- Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 2W, Level 5. Piece plot: 53 cm S, 20 cm W
- Date:
- 2009-05-30
- Location(s) Facet:
- 8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Subjects:
- Iron tool
- Subjects Facet:
- Projectile points; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities)
- Identifier:
- SF 09-033
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 2009
- Date searchable:
- 2009-05-30
- Genre Facet:
- Digital image
- Format:
- Image
- Location(s):
- Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Description:
- View across open excavations in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. The photo centers on units 46N 8W (foreground) and the southern half of 48N 8W, the north wall of which (at 47N) can be seen behind the sign board. The exposed areas were excavated in 2008 and the photo taken in preparation for 2009 excavations. Traces of circular burned features, red-orange and yellow in color, can be seen in the freshly scraped surface of these units. The uppermost north arrow sits to the right (east) of the circular outline of a still-buried everted-rim jar. Another everted-jar rim can be seen exposed in the north wall at 47N. This rim and associated artifacts formed cluster B, part of a larger shrine feature (clusters A-D) that extended across the northern half of unit 48N 8W (beneath and behind the small tree trunk visible above and left of the sign board). Cluster A (unit 46N 8W) comprised a large pottery bowl surrounded by six iron bangles that was removed in 2008. It was positioned above and slightly west (left) of the burned feature (center photo) that is intersected by a tree root. Cluster B included the artifacts seen here in the north wall at 47N, together with an associated cluster of a pedestal-handled pot lid, dog skull and jaw bones revealed by further excavation beneath and west (left) of the tree stump. In the upper right of the photo (north and east), insitu anvil (GS 09-15, left) and grinding (GS 09-12, right) stones are visible in unit 50N 6W. Photo scales marked in 5 cm increments and measuring tape marks 2 m. Arrows pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 6 June 2009.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Relation:
- https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19170 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19143 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19152
- Provenance:
- Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Units 46-48N 8W, 100 cm bd
- Date:
- 2009-06-06
- Location(s) Facet:
- Ngre Kataa
- Subjects Facet:
- Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking; Pottery; Shrines
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 2009
- Date searchable:
- 2009-06-06
- Genre Facet:
- Digital image
- Format:
- Image
- Source:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Location(s):
- Ngre Kataa; 8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Description:
- Excavations uncovered three insitu boulders placed in a row that were used as anvil stones in an area interpreted as a metallurgical workshop. Multiple surfaces of the boulders show signs of wear caused by hammering and grinding. Repeated use of the anvil stone in the foreground (GS 09-03) has created a clear depression on its upper surface and its left side is flattened by wear. The middle anvil stone (GS 09-02) has multiple depressions created by use on its upper surface. The anvil in the rear of the photo (GS 09-01) shows wear on its top and side surfaces, with dirt still embedded in a deep cup-shaped depression on its south-facing side in this photo. To the east (right) of the boulder in foreground, the flat surface of a grinding stone (GS 09-04) is visible in the east wall of the excavation unit. A broken pedestal base of a pot sits on its side to the east (right) of the middle anvil stone. In the upper left corner of the photo, a burned feature interpreted by archaeologists as the remains of a forge has been exposed. The red-and-white band above the photo sign is a two meter scale, marked in 10 cm increments. View looking north across two exavation units: 50N 2W (top of photo) and 48N 2W (bottom of photo). The 2x2m units have been excavated to slightly different depths. Site Ngre Kataa. 1 June, 2009.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Relation:
- https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19121 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19181 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19182
- Provenance:
- Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Units 48N 2W and 50N 2W, Level 4
- Date:
- 2009-06-01
- Location(s) Facet:
- Ngre Kataa
- Subjects:
- Anvil stone
- Subjects Facet:
- Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking; Forging
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 2009
- Date searchable:
- 2009-06-01
- Genre Facet:
- Digital image
- Format:
- Image
- Source:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Location(s):
- Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Description:
- Two views of insitu anvil/grinding stones in excavation unit 50N 6W, part of an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. In the photo looking northward (arrows point north), a large anvil stone (GS 09-15, foreground, left) sits next to a small stone, its lower surface worn flat by serving as a hand-held grinder. A large tree root is visible to the west of the stone, behind which is an area of unexcavated soil on top of which pottery sherds had been found (now removed). To the east and flanked by the black-and-white photo scale is the partial rim of an everted-rim jar (NK 09-749). To the north of this, a large flat grinding stone (GS 09-12) has been pedestaled in place. In the view looking west, the well-worn upper surface of this narrow stone can be seen. Visible in the southern corner of the west wall of the unit (upper left) in this photo is a flat iron disc (SF 09-159), embedded in the wall above a small stone. Further excavation showed that this disc was part of an object cluster that included a tri-looped iron bangle and interpreted as part of a shrine. Photo scales marked in 5 cm increments. Arrows pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 6 June 2009.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Relation:
- https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19092 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19099 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19118
- Provenance:
- Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 6W, Level 4
- Date:
- 2009-06-06
- Location(s) Facet:
- Ngre Kataa
- Subjects:
- Anvil stone; Grinding stone
- Subjects Facet:
- Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Metalworking; Iron
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 2009
- Date searchable:
- 2009-06-06
- Genre Facet:
- Digital image
- Format:
- Image
- Source:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Location(s):
- Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Description:
- Insitu anvil/grinding stones in excavation unit 50N 6W in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. Left of center photo, a large anvil stone (GS 09-15) sits next to a small stone, its lower surface worn flat by serving as a hand-held grinder. Behind this stone is an area of unexcavated soil on top of which pottery sherds had been found (now removed). Lower foreground, flanked by the black-and-white photo scale, is the partial rim of an everted-rim jar (NK 09-749). To the north of this (right), a large flat grinding stone with a well-worn upper surface (GS 09-12) has been pedestaled in place. Visible in the southern corner of the west wall of the unit (upper left) in this photo is a flat iron disk (SF 09-159), embedded in the wall above a small stone. Photo scales marked in 5 cm increments. Arrows pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 6 June 2009.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Provenance:
- Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 6W, Level 4
- Date:
- 2009-06-06
- Location(s) Facet:
- Ngre Kataa
- Subjects:
- Anvil stone; Grinding stone
- Subjects Facet:
- Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Metalworking; Iron
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 2009
- Date searchable:
- 2009-06-06
- Genre Facet:
- Digital image
- Format:
- Image
- Source:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Location(s):
- Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Description:
- An iron artifact (SF 09-031) recovered from screened soil taken from the southern end of excavation unit 50N 2W where two large boulders used as anvil/grinding stones were located. In the unit's northwest corner was a burned feature interpreted as the remains of a forge in an area where metalworking took place. The flat iron object is pointed on one end and has two rounded lobes at the other, perhaps to facilitate turning (like a key?). Its function is unknown. The object has been corroded by rusting. Scale in cm. Length: 5.7 cm. Weight: 9.3 g. Site Ngre Kataa. 30 May 2009.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Relation:
- https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19122
- Provenance:
- Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 2W, Level 3
- Date:
- 2009-05-30
- Location(s) Facet:
- Ngre Kataa
- Subjects:
- Iron tool
- Subjects Facet:
- Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities); Iron
- Identifier:
- SF 09-031
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 2009
- Date searchable:
- 2009-05-30
- Genre Facet:
- Digital image
- Format:
- Image
- Source:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Location(s):
- Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Description:
- Insitu anvil/grinding stones in excavation unit 50N 6W in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. A large anvil stone (GS 09-15, foreground, left) sits next to a small stone, its lower surface worn flat by serving as a hand-held grinder. A large tree root is visible to the west of the stone, behind which is an area of unexcavated soil on top of which pottery sherds had been found (now removed). To the east and flanked by the black-and-white photo scale is the partial rim of an everted-rim jar (NK 09-749). To the north of this, a large flat grinding stone (GS 09-12) has been pedestaled in place. Photo scales marked in 5 cm increments. Arrows pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 6 June 2009.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Provenance:
- Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 6W, Level 4
- Date:
- 2009-06-06
- Location(s) Facet:
- Ngre Kataa
- Subjects:
- Anvil stone; Grinding stone
- Subjects Facet:
- Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Metalworking; Iron
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 2009
- Date searchable:
- 2009-06-06
- Genre Facet:
- Digital image
- Format:
- Image
- Source:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Location(s):
- Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Description:
- A vertical bank of orange-colored fire-hardened soil abuts a cluster of stones in what archaeologists interpret as a forge feature in a metallurgical workshop. The furnace feature occupied the northwest corner of the excavation unit. In the southern haf of the 2x2 m unit were large boulders used as anvil/grinding stones (GS 09-01 and 09-02). A tree root is visible along the base of the unit's western wall (left). Photo scale by burned feature marked in cm. Arrow pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 1 June 2009.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Relation:
- https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19122
- Provenance:
- Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 2W, Level 4
- Date:
- 2009-06-01
- Location(s) Facet:
- Ngre Kataa
- Subjects Facet:
- Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking; Furnaces
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 2009
- Date searchable:
- 2009-06-01
- Genre Facet:
- Digital image
- Format:
- Image
- Source:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Location(s):
- Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Description:
- An insitu iron bangle (SF 09-132) made from a flattened iron rod with overlapping ends. The bangle occurred as an isolated find in the upper levels of an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. Photo scales marked in 5 cm increments. Arrow pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 6 June 2009.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Relation:
- https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19190
- Provenance:
- Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 8W, Level 2. Piece plot: 12 cm S, 135 cm W, 80 cm bd
- Date:
- 2009-06-06
- Location(s) Facet:
- Ngre Kataa
- Subjects Facet:
- Ornaments; Bangles; Iron; Archaeology; Artifacts (Antiquities); Excavations (Archaeology)
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 2009
- Date searchable:
- 2009-06-06
- Genre Facet:
- Ditigal image
- Format:
- Image
- Source:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Location(s):
- Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Description:
- Insitu pottery and iron artifacts associated with clusters B and C of what archaeologists interpret as a shrine that capped stratified deposits in a metallurgical workshop. Cluster B encompassed the objects on the south (right) side of the photo, west of (below) the tree stump. To the right of the black-and-white photo stick (lower right) is an iron spike (SF 09-174), a half bangle (SF 09-173) and a slightly curved iron disc (SF 09-172) in a carefully placed composition. Immediately to the east (above in the photo), an aglomeration of pottery sherds is stacked. Later excavation revealed a pedestal-handled pottery lid, dog skull and jaw bones carefully placed below these sherds in cluster B. Cluster C encompassed the artifacts to the north (left) of the tree stump. These included a series of pottery lids, portions of single pottery jar and sherds from other pots. An iron bangle (SF 09-148) is visible above and slightly left of the top photo scale, sitting adjacent to a pottery lid (NK 09-381) lying with its interior surface up. This wider shrine assemblage overlaid burned features associated with metalworking activities. Black-and-white photo scale in 5 cm increments. Arrows pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 10 June 2009.
- Rights:
- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
- Publisher:
- University of Victoria Libraries
- Relation:
- https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19164 ; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19193
- Provenance:
- Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 48N 8W, Level 3
- Date:
- 2009-06-10
- Location(s) Facet:
- Ngre Kataa
- Subjects Facet:
- Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Shrines; Pottery; Bangles; Ornaments; Iron
- Creator:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Date searchable:
- 2009
- Date searchable:
- 2009-06-10
- Genre Facet:
- Digital image
- Format:
- Image
- Source:
- Dr. Ann B. Stahl
- Location(s):
- Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
- Geographic Coordinates:
- 8.11277778, -2.30611111