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Start Over Subject(s) metalworking Time Period ngre phase (late)

1. Excavations at a metal working area, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
Archaeological excavations of Mound 6 at Ngre Kataa in 2009 expose a workshop where blacksmiths produced iron and copper-alloy tools and ornaments. The mound is being excavated in 2 x 2 meter units named for the coordinates of their northeast corner. In unit 50N 0W (foreground), an area of burned soil marks the location where blacksmiths heated metals. A pottery jar sits in place to the right. In surrounding units (50N 2W, 48N 0W, 48N 2W) are large anvil stones where the hot metals would have been hammered and shaped through forging. The mound's stratified deposits suggest that the workshop area was used for many decades, and perhaps centuries, between the years of about 1350 and 1520 CE (Common Era). View across the mound from the northeast looking towards the southwest. Site Ngre Kataa. 27 June, 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Workshop; Mound 6
Subjects Facet:
Handicraft; Metallurgy; Archaeology; Metalworking; Forging; Excavations (Archaeology); Iron; Copper alloys
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Contributors:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009
Date searchable:
2009-06-27
Genre:
Digital image
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
People Facet:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

2. In situ grinding stones and pottery, unit 44N 4W, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:
Several grinding stones, a whole pot and a cluster of pottery sherds have been exposed in situ at the base of level 3, unit 44N 4W at Mound 6, Ngre Kataa. The large grinding stone in the foreground (grinding stone 1, NK-08-112) is oriented with its grinding surface facing down. Another smaller stone rests on a soil pedestal created as archaeologists excavated surrounding soil to a lower level. Upper right, a whole pottery jar (NK-08-176) sits next to a large grinding stone (grinding stone 3, NK-08-173) oriented with its grinding surface up. To the far left, above the photo scale in centimeters, archaeologists have exposed the edges of a pottery jar, broken in half and lying on its side. As excavations extended into the adjacent unit (42N 4W, to the left), this broken pot was found to be associated with two tuyere fragments. This cluster of grindstones, tuyeres and nearby burned features is interpreted as part of a larger metal-working workshop, the activities of which led to the build up of mound 6. The soil on the right side of the unit is darker because it is moister than that on the left. View to west. Site Ngre Kataa. 1 July, 2008.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17601; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17598
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 44N 4W, level 3
Date:
2008-07-01
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Grinding stone; Tuyere
Subjects Facet:
Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Metalworking
Identifier:
Catalog numbers NK-08-112, 08-176 and 08-173
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2008-07-01
Date searchable:
2008
Genre:
Digital image
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
People Facet:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

3. In situ pottery and grinding stones, unit 42N 4W, Ngre Kataa, 2008

Description:
Excavations in unit 42N 4W have exposed clusters of pottery, grinding stones, tuyeres and an area of burned soil associated with metal working at Mound 6, Ngre Kataa. Foreground, left, a grinding stone (GS 08-10) rests with its working surface face down. It sits at a slightly higher level than a nearby (left) whole pottery jar (NK 08-406). To the right of these, a partial pot (NK 08-282) and a tuyere fragment (NK 08-284) are clustered together with two halves of a broken pottery jar, lying with its exterior surface facing down. To the south (behind), near the sign board and framed by photo scales, is a burned feature. Next to it sits a hand-held hammerstone (GS 08-11). Another partial pottery jar (NK 08-520) and a small flat grinding stone (GS 08-12) have been exposed to the left of the sign board at 77 cm below the unit's datum. The narrow dark bands visible in the soil are the traces of animal burrows. Photo scale adjacent to the sign board in centimeters. View looking south. Site Ngre Kataa. 7 July 2008.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19136; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19177; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19132; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19135
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, unit 42N 4W
Date:
2008-07-07
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Grinding stone; Burned basin; Tuyere
Subjects Facet:
Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Handicrafts; Metalworking; Pottery
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2008-07-07
Date searchable:
2008
Genre:
Digital image
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
People Facet:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

4. Burned feature, unit 50N 4W, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
The circular outline of a burned basin (Feature 3) is bracketed by photo scales (center) in unit 50N 4W (130 cm below the unit datum) at Mound 6. A pottery jar sits to the right side of the basin, its opening covered by a potsherd lid. To the left, a grinding stone sits, grinding surface down, over top of another pottery jar. Burned features like these were associated with metal working in this Mound 6 workshop area. Photo scale at bottom in centimeters. Site Ngre Kataa. 29 June, 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17594
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, 50N 4W, 130 cm bd
Date:
2009-06-29
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Grinding stone; Burned basin
Subjects Facet:
Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Handicraft; Metalworking; Metallurgy; Pottery
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009-06-29
Date searchable:
2009
Genre:
Digital image
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
People Facet:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

5. Burned feature in a metallurgical workshop, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
The circular outline of a burned basin (Feature 3) is bracketed by photo scales (left of center) in unit 50N 4W (130 cm below the unit datum) at Mound 6. A pottery jar sits to the right side of the basin, its opening covered by a potsherd lid. To the left, a grinding stone sits, grinding surface down, over top of another pottery jar. Another grinding stone (far left) sits at a higher level in unit 50N 6W. A second burned feature is associated with a grinding stone tipped on its side, far right. Another pottery jar sits nearby, also lidded with a broken sherd. Burned features like these were associated with metal working in this Mound 6 workshop area. Photo scale at bottom in centimeters. Site Ngre Kataa. 29 June, 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17593
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, 50N 4W, 130 cm bd
Date:
2009-06-29
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Grinding stone; Burned basin
Subjects Facet:
Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Handicraft; Metalworking; Metallurgy; Pottery
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009-06-29
Date searchable:
2009
Genre:
Digital image
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
People Facet:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

6. Perforated pottery jar, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
A perforated pottery jar lidded with the pedestaled base of another pot sits in situ at the base of level 6, unit 46N 2W at Mound 6. The pot contained eight cowries and is interpreted by archaeologists as a shrine pot placed in association with metalworking facilities. Photo scale in 5 cm increments. Site Ngre Kataa. 24 June, 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17597
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, 46N 2W, Level 6
Date:
2009-06-24
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:
Shrines; Pottery; Metalworking; Cowries; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:
Catalog number NK-09-789
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009-06-24
Date searchable:
2009
Genre:
Digital image
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
People Facet:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

7. North wall, unit 46N 2W, Mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
The mouth of a perforated shrine pot (left) is covered with the pedestaled base of another pot. It remains in situ as the surrounding areas of unit 46N 2W are excavated to lower levels. Behind, the stratified layers of Mound 6 are visible in the unit's north wall. Center (back) are a series of anvil and grinding stones exposed at higher mound levels in other excavation units. During excavations in 2008, a cluster of four anvil/grinding stones was found at a level slightly higher than but adjacent (left/west) to the perforated pot. At right, in lower levels, two grinding stones rest at an angle in association with a burned feature. Archaeologists interpret Mound 6 as a metallurgical workshop at which stratified levels built up through repeated use of the same location. Photo scale in centimeters. Site Ngre Kataa. 2 July, 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19112; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-17596; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19131
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, unit 46N 2W
Date:
2009-07-02
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Grinding stone; Stratigraphy
Subjects Facet:
Archaeology; Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Metalworking
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009-07-02
Date searchable:
2009
Genre:
Digital image
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
People Facet:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

8. Large slag nodule, Ngre Kataa, Mound 8, 2008

Description:
Iron slag is formed as a byproduct of iron smelting. Here a large slag nodule has broken in half, revealing its interior texture. At the archaeological site of Ngre Kataa, large chunks of 'bubbly' slag like this were occasionally found in household and other contexts, away from areas otherwise associated with metal-working activities. Potters at the time of the site's occupation had begun to use crushed iron slag as a tempering agent in their potting clays, which may explain why large nodules were being carried and cached in areas away from metal-working locations. Ngre Kataa, June, 2008.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 8, Unit 8N 127E, Level 3
Date:
2008-06-23
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Slag
Subjects Facet:
Archaeology; Metalworking; Metallurgy; Pottery making; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:
NK08-027
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2008
Date searchable:
2008-06-23
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Source:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

9. Large slag nodule, Ngre Kataa, Mound 8, 2008

Description:
Iron slag is formed as a byproduct of iron smelting. Here a large slag nodule has broken in half, revealing its interior texture. At the archaeological site of Ngre Kataa, large chunks of 'bubbly' slag like this were occasionally found in household and other contexts, away from areas otherwise associated with metal-working activities. Potters at the time of the site's occupation had begun to use crushed iron slag as a tempering agent in their potting clays, which may explain why large nodules were being carried and cached in areas away from metal-working locations. Ngre Kataa, June, 2008.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution--NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 8, Unit 8N 127E, Level 3
Date:
2008-06-23
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Slag
Subjects Facet:
Archaeology; Metalworking; Metallurgy; Pottery making; Artifacts (Antiquities)
Identifier:
NK08-027
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2008-06-23
Date searchable:
2008
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Source:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

10. Burned features and insitu stones, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
View across open excavations in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. The photo centers on units 46N 8W (foreground) and the southern half of 48N 8W, the north wall of which (at 47N) can be seen behind the sign board. The exposed areas were excavated in 2008 and the photo taken in preparation for 2009 excavations. Traces of circular burned features, red-orange and yellow in color, can be seen in the freshly scraped surface of these units. The uppermost north arrow sits to the right (east) of the circular outline of a still-buried everted-rim jar. Another everted-jar rim can be seen exposed in the north wall at 47N. This rim and associated artifacts formed cluster B, part of a larger shrine feature (clusters A-D) that extended across the northern half of unit 48N 8W (beneath and behind the small tree trunk visible above and left of the sign board). Cluster A (unit 46N 8W) comprised a large pottery bowl surrounded by six iron bangles that was removed in 2008. It was positioned above and slightly west (left) of the burned feature (center photo) that is intersected by a tree root. Cluster B included the artifacts seen here in the north wall at 47N, together with an associated cluster of a pedestal-handled pot lid, dog skull and jaw bones revealed by further excavation beneath and west (left) of the tree stump. In the upper right of the photo (north and east), insitu anvil (GS 09-15, left) and grinding (GS 09-12, right) stones are visible in unit 50N 6W. Photo scales marked in 5 cm increments and measuring tape marks 2 m. Arrows pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 6 June 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19170; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19143; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19152
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Units 46-48N 8W, 100 cm bd
Date:
2009-06-06
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:
Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking; Pottery; Shrines
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009
Date searchable:
2009-06-06
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Source:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa; 8.11277778, -2.30611111
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

11. Insitu anvil and grinding stones, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
Insitu anvil/grinding stones in excavation unit 50N 6W in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. A large anvil stone (GS 09-15, foreground, left) sits next to a small stone, its lower surface worn flat by serving as a hand-held grinder. A large tree root is visible to the west of the stone, behind which is an area of unexcavated soil on top of which pottery sherds had been found (now removed). To the east and flanked by the black-and-white photo scale is the partial rim of an everted-rim jar (NK 09-749). To the north of this, a large flat grinding stone (GS 09-12) has been pedestaled in place. Photo scales marked in 5 cm increments. Arrows pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 6 June 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 6W, Level 4
Date:
2009-06-06
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Anvil stone; Grinding stone
Subjects Facet:
Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Metalworking; Iron
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009
Date searchable:
2009-06-06
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Source:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

12. Insitu anvil and grinding stones, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
Insitu anvil/grinding stones in excavation unit 50N 6W in an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. Left of center photo, a large anvil stone (GS 09-15) sits next to a small stone, its lower surface worn flat by serving as a hand-held grinder. Behind this stone is an area of unexcavated soil on top of which pottery sherds had been found (now removed). Lower foreground, flanked by the black-and-white photo scale, is the partial rim of an everted-rim jar (NK 09-749). To the north of this (right), a large flat grinding stone with a well-worn upper surface (GS 09-12) has been pedestaled in place. Visible in the southern corner of the west wall of the unit (upper left) in this photo is a flat iron disk (SF 09-159), embedded in the wall above a small stone. Photo scales marked in 5 cm increments. Arrows pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 6 June 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 6W, Level 4
Date:
2009-06-06
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Anvil stone; Grinding stone
Subjects Facet:
Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Metalworking; Iron
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009
Date searchable:
2009-06-06
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Source:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

13. Insitu anvil and grinding stones, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
Two views of insitu anvil/grinding stones in excavation unit 50N 6W, part of an area (mound 6) that archaeologists interpret as a metallurgical workshop. In the photo looking northward (arrows point north), a large anvil stone (GS 09-15, foreground, left) sits next to a small stone, its lower surface worn flat by serving as a hand-held grinder. A large tree root is visible to the west of the stone, behind which is an area of unexcavated soil on top of which pottery sherds had been found (now removed). To the east and flanked by the black-and-white photo scale is the partial rim of an everted-rim jar (NK 09-749). To the north of this, a large flat grinding stone (GS 09-12) has been pedestaled in place. In the view looking west, the well-worn upper surface of this narrow stone can be seen. Visible in the southern corner of the west wall of the unit (upper left) in this photo is a flat iron disc (SF 09-159), embedded in the wall above a small stone. Further excavation showed that this disc was part of an object cluster that included a tri-looped iron bangle and interpreted as part of a shrine. Photo scales marked in 5 cm increments. Arrows pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 6 June 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19092; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19099; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19118
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 6W, Level 4
Date:
2009-06-06
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Anvil stone; Grinding stone
Subjects Facet:
Excavations (Archaeology); Pottery; Metalworking; Iron
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009
Date searchable:
2009-06-06
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Source:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

14. Burned features unit 50N 8W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
A cluster of burned features is exposed in the northwest corner of excavation unit 50N 8W in an area interpreted by archaeologists as a metallurgical workshop (mound 6). Along the unit's west wall (left in photo) is an amorphous zone of fire-hardened red (Munsell color 2.5YR 3/6) matrix. A piece of brass bar (SF NK 09-293) was found in soil associated with this burned feature. Above and to the right (northeast), two circular burned features are visible in outline. These basin-shaped features had a thin lining of fire-hardened sediment, red to dark red (Munsell 2.5 YR 3/6 & 4/8) in color. The basins were filled with loose ashy sediment and small pieces of charcoal. A sample of burned matrix from feature 1 (top right basin) yielded a thermoluminescence (TL) age estimate of 1500 +/- 40 CE (Univ. Wash. 2455). Further excavation revealed additional basin-shaped features beneath the amorphous burned feature. The excavation unit's northwest corner peg is visible, upper left. View looking north. Site Ngre Kataa. 27 June 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19109; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19111
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 8W,Level 6
Date:
2009-06-27
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:
Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking; Forging
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009
Date searchable:
2009-06-07
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Source:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

15. Excavated burned basins, unit 50N 8W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
A cluster of burned basin-shaped features is exposed in the northwest corner of unit 50N 8W in an area interpreted by archaeologists as a metallurgical workshop (mound 6). The basins comprised a thin layer of fire-hardened sediment, red to dark red (Munsell colors 2.5 YR 3/6 & 4/8) in color. Basin features 1 (top right) and 2 (left of feature 1) measured about 8-9 cm deep and were filled with ashy soil. Basin feature 5 (far left) was shallower. Its fire-hardened surface showed a pinkish tinge. Samples of burned basin matrix from features 1 and 5 yielded thermoluminescence (TL) age estimates of 1500 +/- 40 CE (feature 1; Univ. Wash. 2455) and 1580 +/- 40 CE (feature 5; Univ. Wash. 2456). Photo bar marked in 5 cm increments. Arrows pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 29 June 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19110
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 8W,Level 6
Date:
2009-06-29
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects Facet:
Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking; Forging
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009
Date searchable:
2009-06-29
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Source:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

16. Anvil stone in a metallurgical workshop, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
A boulder used as an anvil stone (GS 09-07) sits insitu in an excavated area interpreted as a metallurgical workshop. A black-and-white photo scale stick stands vertically against it. The boulder's upper surface shows signs of use wear and its north-facing side is marked by a cup-shaped depression that resulted from repeated use. To the north (left), a fist-sized hammer stone (GS 09-09) rests insitu on a pedestal of soil left in place as the unit was excavated. Two stones showing evidence of use as grinding stones sit nearby, a north arrow placed by one(GS 09-10; center photo) and one in the southwest corner of the excavation unit (GS 09-08; bottom right). Another insitu anvil stone (GS 09-6) sits in the northeast corner of an adjacent excavation unit (48N 0W; top right of photo). The narrow band of loose soil angled across the southwest corner of the excavation was created by a burrowing animal. Photo stick and small arrow scale in 5 cm intervals. Photo scale arrows pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 2 June 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19119
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 0W, Level 2
Date:
2009-06-02
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Anvil stone; Grinding stone
Subjects Facet:
Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009
Date searchable:
2009-06-02
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Source:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

17. Anvil stone in a metallurgical workshop, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
A boulder used as an anvil stone (GS 09-01) sits insitu in an excavated area interpreted as a metallurgical workshop. This was one of several boulders associated with burned features and other residues of metalworking. The boulder's upper surface showed signs of use wear and its south-facing side is marked by a deep cup-shaped depression that resulted from repeated use. A burned feature interpreted as the remains of a forge is visible behind the anvil stone (upper left) in the northwest corner of excavation unit 50N 2W. Flat photo scale in cm. Arrow pointing north. Site Ngre Kataa. 1 June 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19122
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Unit 50N 2W, Level 4
Date:
2009-06-01
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Anvil stone
Subjects Facet:
Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009
Date searchable:
2009-06-01
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Source:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

18. Anvil stones in a metallurgical workshop, mound 6, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
Excavations uncovered three insitu boulders placed in a row that were used as anvil stones in an area interpreted as a metallurgical workshop. Multiple surfaces of the boulders show signs of wear caused by hammering and grinding. Repeated use of the anvil stone in the foreground (GS 09-03) has created a clear depression on its upper surface and its left side is flattened by wear. The middle anvil stone (GS 09-02) has multiple depressions created by use on its upper surface. The anvil in the rear of the photo (GS 09-01) shows wear on its top and side surfaces, with dirt still embedded in a deep cup-shaped depression on its south-facing side in this photo. To the east (right) of the boulder in foreground, the flat surface of a grinding stone (GS 09-04) is visible in the east wall of the excavation unit. A broken pedestal base of a pot sits on its side to the east (right) of the middle anvil stone. In the upper left corner of the photo, a burned feature interpreted by archaeologists as the remains of a forge has been exposed. The red-and-white band above the photo sign is a two meter scale, marked in 10 cm increments. View looking north across two exavation units: 50N 2W (top of photo) and 48N 2W (bottom of photo). The 2x2m units have been excavated to slightly different depths. Site Ngre Kataa. 1 June, 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19121; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19181; https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19182
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Units 48N 2W and 50N 2W, Level 4
Date:
2009-06-01
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Anvil stone
Subjects Facet:
Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking; Forging
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009
Date searchable:
2009-06-01
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Source:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

19. Stratified deposits, south wall, unit 50N 0W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
The southeast corner of excavation unit 50N 0W in mound 6 shows stratified layers that accumulated in an area interpreted as a metallurgical workshop (mound 6). An anvil stone (top of photo; GS 09-06) is pedestaled insitu in the adjacent excavation unit (48N 0W). This stone was found immediately below the mound's top surface. A smaller grinding/anvil stone is visible in the east wall of unit 50N 0W, at a depth of one meter below. Burned orange-red lenses that archaeologists interpret as features associated with processing metals are visible in the strata between the stones. Evidence suggests that these layers built up through repeated use of this location for metalworking activities. Stadia rod numbered intervals of 10 cm. View looking south. Site Ngre Kataa. 9 July 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19117
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Univ 50N 0W, South Wall
Date:
2009-07-09
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Anvil stone; Grinding stone
Subjects Facet:
Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009
Date searchable:
2009-07-09
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Source:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111

20. Stratified deposits, south wall, unit 50N 0W, Ngre Kataa, 2009

Description:
The south wall of excavation unit 50N 0W in mound 6 shows stratified layers that accumulated in an area interpreted as a metallurgical workshop. An anvil stone (GS 09-06; left of the sign board) is pedestaled insitu in the adjacent excavation unit (48N 0W). Other pedestaled grinding stones are visible to the right and behind the sign board. These stones were found just below the mound's top surface. A smaller grinding/anvil stone is visible in the east wall of unit 50N 0W, at a depth of one meter below the anvil stone. Burned orange-red lenses that archaeologists interpret as features associated with processing metals are visible in the strata between the stones. Ashy lenses are visible in the south and west walls. Evidence suggests that these layers built up through repeated use of this location for metalworking activities. Width of unit: 2 meters. Site Ngre Kataa. 9 July 2009.
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Relation:
https://exhibits.library.uvic.ca/spotlight/iaff/catalog/17-19116
Provenance:
Ngre Kataa, Mound 6, Univ 50N 0W, South Wall
Date:
2009-07-09
Location(s) Facet:
Ngre Kataa
Subjects:
Anvil stone; Grinding stone
Subjects Facet:
Excavations (Archaeology); Archaeology; Metalworking
Creator:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Date searchable:
2009
Date searchable:
2009-07-09
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
Image
Source:
Dr. Ann B. Stahl
Location(s):
Ngre Kataa;8.11277778, -2.30611111
Sketchfab Uid:
Geographic Coordinates:
8.11277778, -2.30611111