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21. La Cárcel under Invasive Vegetation, El Progreso, San Cristóbal, 2014

Description:
Exotic invasives quickly colonize most areas that are not regularly maintained. The hacienda house site was annualy cleared of vegetative regrowth. La Cárcel was choked with vegetation and rubbish before it was cleared for study and ecavation in 2014.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Introduced Organisms; Plants;
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
2014
Date searchable:
2014
Date searchable:
2014-6-23
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Identifier:
IMGP2503
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribtion-NonCommercial
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2014

22. Vulcanite (left) and lead (right) tokens Issued by Hacienda El Progreso

Description:
Tokens, specific to particular businesses for local circulation had become widespread by the mid-19th century. Excavated specimens included a crude lead token (right), marked “MC”, and struck only on one side that Bognoly and Espinosa claim had a five centavo value, as did the bakelite token (left).
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Money
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
2019
Date searchable:
2019
Date searchable:
2019-6-28
Genre:
Digital image
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
image
Identifier:
Fig.5.2
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands;-0.9079084740482873, -89.55796369211261
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands;-0.9079084740482873, -89.55796369211261
Date Digitized:
2019

23. The Hacienda Pier in Puerto Chico

Description:
This image, published in 1905 shows the hacienda's dock with the Decauville rail system at Puerto Chico. A similar image published by Ralph Stock (1921) shows the dock and rail system in operation some fourteen years later. Supplies from the hacienda bodega were carted out in Decauville wagons for loading onto the awaiting ships.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Transportation;
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright Undetermined
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Bognoly, J. and Espinosa J. (1905) Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon. Comercio:Guayaqil, p.41

24. The Hacienda Prisoners on the dock in 1905

Description:
This is a second image published in Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon (Bognoly and Epinoza 1905:91) of the apprehended prisoners on the dock in Guayaquil. They had fled the Hacienda after Cobos' assassination on one of the hacienda's boats with a shipment of sugar which they had hoped would fund their further escape.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Prisoners; Assassination
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright Undetermined
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Bognoly, J. and Espinosa J. (1905) Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon. Comercio:Guayaqil, p.91

25. The four lifeboats were tied together in pairs, and the work of unloading the 14 prefabricated houses could begin.

Description:
The 14 prefabricated houses of Campo Noruega were shipped to San Cristóbal by boat. Through negotiations with Manuel A. Cobos and Rogerio Alvarado, each Norwegian settler received 20 ha of land, free rent for two years, commissary credit, and cheap access to labor and draught animals.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Housing; Transportation
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Photo by Robert Ødegård in Hoff, S. (1985) Drommen om Galapagos. Oslo: Grodahl & Son; Photo courtesy Robert Ødegård;

26. View of the Worker's Houses, Hacienda El Progreso in 1888

Description:
This photograph of Hacienda El Progreso was taken in 1888 (or maybe in 1891) during a scientific visit by the "Albatross." It shows workers in front of their houses in the village to the east of the hacienda house. In the background can be seen the cleared landscape with fenced pasturage. The high mountain on the horizon is Cerro San Joaquin.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso;
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Villages; Landscapes
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1888
Date searchable:
1888
Date searchable:
1888
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Aggasiz, A. (1892-1893) Reports on the Dredging Operations off the West Coast of Central America to the Galapagos, etc. by the U.S. Fish Commission Steamer "Albatros" Bull Mus Comp Zool 23:1-90 Plate XVII, National Archives and Records Administration Albatross Expedition NARA-22-FA-89

27. Hacienda House, View from La Cárcel, in 2014

Description:
La Cárcel's main entrance faces the street, passing through a 6 cm. thick concrete and sand wall buttressed by regularly-spaced upright wooden (matazarnos) beams supporting the upper floor joists. The interior wall surfaces show that the exterior concrete face was backed by horizontal lathes of bamboo and reinforced with barbed wire. The upper story was accessed by a staircase resting atop a squared base across from a secondary door opening on the structure’s east side. A number of vertical openings served as windows for the second story, whose floor, having been described as constructed of cement and lime, may have survived until recently.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Villages; Housing; Building
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
2014
Date searchable:
2014
Date searchable:
2014-7-3
Genre:
Digital image
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
image
Identifier:
IMGP2566
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribtion-NonCommercial
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2014

28. Two of the original Campo Noruega houses were later reassembled as one large house.

Description:
A third Norwegian colonization of Galápagos with 83 women, men, and children (counting 5 crew members) left Oslo in September 1926 to settle Campo Noruego where 14 prefabricated highland houses were erected on San Cristóbal, primarily for agricultural pursuits.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Housing; Food crops
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Hoff, S. (1985) Drommen om Galapagos. Oslo: Grodahl & Son; Photo courtesy Robert Ødegård;

29. Close-up of Women at Mess-hall, Hacienda El Progreso, 1888

Description:
This photograph of Hacienda El Progreso was taken in 1888 during a scientific visit by the "Albatross." It shows a close-up picture of women from the hacienda in a food preparation area of what was likely the communal mess-hall directly below and east of the hacienda house, with worker's house in the background.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso;
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Villages; Food preparation
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1888
Date searchable:
1888
Date searchable:
1888
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
National Archives and Records Administration Albatross Expedition NARA-22-FA-96

30. La Cárcel, View from the Hacienda House, in 2014

Description:
This historic structure is locally refrred to as La Cárcel or jail. Whether or not the structure served as a jail, or perhaps more likely as the store/warehouse of Lorenzo Tous’ later ventures, the property is littered with old refuse. Between 2012 and 2014, the upper façade had collapsed entirely. The area may have been the location of a communal kitchen, which historic photos place directly below the hacienda house.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Villages; Housing; Building
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
2014
Date searchable:
2014
Date searchable:
2014-6-30
Genre:
Digital image
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
image
Identifier:
IMGP2566
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribtion-NonCommercial
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2014

31. Hacienda El Progreso, with Deputy, Manuel A. Cobos and Accountant, 1919

Description:
This photograph was taken by Ralph Stock (1921) The Cruise of the Dream Ship. 1st ed. London: William Heinemann, top plate opposite P.85. Labelled "Mounted, reading from left to right: Commisario, Owner, and Accountant of__" it shows Manuel A. Cobos, the deputy and accountant at Hacienda El Progreso, in 1919.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso;
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands);
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1919
Date searchable:
1919
Date searchable:
1919
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Granger/National Geographic

32. It was about 10 kilometers (6 miles) inland from the coast up to the plateau where Campo Noruego was to be established. To begin with, they used the tractor to transport equipment, but soon found out that it was cheaper and quicker to hire local men with teams of oxen to do the job instead. The carts were brought along from Norway.

Description:
Norwegian colonists arrived on Floreana Island in 1925 and were invited to San Cristobal Island in September 1926. By 1928, only 14 remained in Campo Noruego. This photograph shows their equipment delivered via oxen-drawn cart, the same means of conveyance used by the hacienda to deliver products to its Bodega on the coast at Puerto Chico.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Transportation; Cattle
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Photo by Robert Ødegård in Hoff, S. (1985) Drommen om Galapagos, Oslo: Grodahl & Son;

33. Port Official and Soldiers on Chatham Island in 1905

Description:
This photograph was taken by Capt. Rollo Beck in 1905 during the scientific visit of the California Academy of Sciences. It shows the port official and soldiers stationed on Chatham Island as they pose on board the schooner "Academy." Official occupations on the island included: inspector, warden, guards, postmaster, and lighthouse keeper. Despite their presence, it was observed that government authority was illusory; government representatives did nothing except to demonstrate the existence of governmental representation. Effective power rested in the hands of Manuel J. Cobos,
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso;
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Puerto Baquerizo Moreno (Galapagos Islands)
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
California Academy of Sciences. CAS G64 , This image is also available as JS31_2.tif. Glass

34. Hacienda El Progreso, with Deputy, Manuel A. Cobos and Accountant, 1919

Description:
This photograph was taken by Ralph Stock (1921) The Cruise of the Dream Ship. 1st ed. London: William Heinemann, top plate opposite P.85. Labelled "Mounted, reading from left to right: Commisario, Owner, and Accountant of__" it shows Manuel A. Cobos, the deputy and accountant at Hacienda El Progreso, in 1919.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso;
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands);
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1919
Date searchable:
1919
Date searchable:
1919
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Granger/National Geographic

35. Exotic Fruits on Display at Campo Noruego 1927

Description:
Norwegian colonists arrived on Floreana Island in 1925 and were invited to San Cristobal Island in September 1926. Karl and Ragna Aune from Malvik display a selection of exotic fruits and vegetables. In the background is Karl's 73 year old mother, Kirsten. To the right is Einar Austlid, a teacher from Ørsta who lived with the Aune family in the newly-constructed house at Campo Noruego.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Housing; Food crops
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Elinar Austlid in Hoff, S. (1985) Drommen om Galapagos. Oslo: Grodahl & Son;

36. Manuel J. Cobos' Tomb

Description:
After their deaths on January 14, 1904, Cobos' and Reina' bodies were interred in shallow graves near where workers had been previously executed. Both bodies were disinterred and autopsied on February 28, 1904 in the dance hall. Both bodies were subsequently removed for burial in Guayaquil. The canopied 'tomb' was erected on the original grave site.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Cemeteries
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
2012
Date searchable:
2012
Date searchable:
2012-7-23
Genre:
Digital image
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribtion-NonCommercial
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2012

37. Close-up of the Workers and Spilt-cane House, Hacienda El Progreso in 1905

Description:
This photograph of Hacienda El Progreso was taken by Capt. Rollo Beck in 1905. It shows a close-up picture of the hacienda worker's and a split-cane two-story building with balcony.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso;
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Villages
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
California Academy of Sciences. CAS G70. This image is also available as JS32_2.tif

38. Hacienda El Progreso, with Deputy, Manuel A. Cobos and Accountant, 1919

Description:
This photograph was taken by Ralph Stock (1921) The Cruise of the Dream Ship. 1st ed. London: William Heinemann, top plate opposite P.85. Labelled "Mounted, reading from left to right: Commisario, Owner, and Accountant of__" it shows Manuel A. Cobos, the deputy and accountant at Hacienda El Progreso, in 1919.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso;
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands);
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1919
Date searchable:
1919
Date searchable:
1919
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Sketchfab Uid:
Commentary:
Granger/National Geographic

39. Portrait of Sr. Leonardo Reina

Description:
This portrait, published in Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon (Bognoly and Epinoza 1905:119) is of the government's representative, Sr. Leonardo Reina, who died at the hands of hacienda labourers in 1904.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands);
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright Undetermined
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Bognoly, J. and Espinosa J. (1905) Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon. Comercio:Guayaqil, p.119

40. Exterior Stairway to Manuel J. Cobos' Hacienda House, Hacienda El Progreso in 2014

Description:
Constructed of local volcanic rocks cemented with earth and lime, the house base is almost 2 m high in places and surmounted by a larger built-in staircase on the eastern side of the structure, with two smaller staircases to the north and south. The lack of an upper façade entrance to match the main stair case, suggests that the stone foundations were built for an earlier structure.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Villages; Housing; Building
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
2014
Date searchable:
2014
Date searchable:
2014-6-28
Genre:
Digital image
Genre Facet:
Digital image
Format:
image
Identifier:
DSC0153 4
Rights:
Creative Commons Attribtion-NonCommercial
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2014