At the time of her father’s death Josefina Cobos was living in Guayaquil and married to Rogerio Alvarado who assumed control of El Progreso in 1909. He, immediately announced ambitious plans to colonize other islands, introduced his own currency, and laid claim to the entire island, as the hacienda was being encroached upon by ex-peons and colonists. Alvarado’s business dealings quickly placed El Progreso into debt with mainland banks and Guayaquil businessman Lorenzo Tous.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands);
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Photo by Robert Ødegård in Hoff, S. (1985) Drommen om Galapagos. Oslo: Grodahl & Son;
This photograph of Hacienda El Progreso was taken in 1888 during a scientific visit by the "Albatross." It shows a worker's house in the village to the east of the hacienda house. In the background can be seen the cleared landscape with fenced pasturage.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso;
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Villages; Landscapes; Housing
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1888
Date searchable:
1888
Date searchable:
1888
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
National Archives and Records Administration Albatross Expedition NARA-22-FA-91
Products were moved between the islands and mainland on two boats, the “Manuel J. Cobos” and “Josefina Cobos.” Both are variously referred to as a sloop (balandra) or pilot’s boat (pailebote), a smaller double masted schooner. The "Manuel J. Cobos" served as the principal means of communication with the mainland.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Transportation
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Date:
1934
Date searchable:
1934
Date searchable:
1934
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands); Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands); Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Photo courtesy of John Garth, Los Angeles, in Hoff, S. (1985) Drommen om Galapagos, Oslo: Grodahl & Son;
This photograph of Hacienda El Progreso was taken in 1888 during a scientific visit by the "Albatross." It shows Manuel J. Cobos posing with his workers in formal attire next to the hacienda house. In the background can be seen the cleared landscape with fenced pasturage.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Villages; Landscapes
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1888
Date searchable:
1888
Date searchable:
1888
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
National Archives and Records Administration Albatross Expedition NARA-22-FA-92
In 1922, when Norwegians Jens Aschehoug and Per Bang visited Galápagos, the steam-powered sugar factory was in full operation, but decay had set in (Hoff 1985).
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Sugar Factories
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1922
Date searchable:
1922
Date searchable:
1922
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Hoff, S. (1985) Drommen om Galapagos, Oslo: Grodahl & Son, Photo courtesy Sylvia Randall Andersen.
The "Floreana" left Norway in 1925 with a load of cement bound for Ecuador. It reached San Cristóbal in August of that year, where the Norwegian sailors were met by Manuel A. Cobos in his Ford pickup truck. At this time El Progreso continued to produce, with groves, gardens, grazing animals, sugar cane, and a "dilapidated" factory.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Transportation
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1925
Date searchable:
1925
Date searchable:
1925
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Photo courtesy the Whaling Museum, Sandefjord, in Hoff, S. (1985) Drommen om Galapagos, Oslo: Grodahl & Son;
This photograph of Hacienda El Progreso was taken in 1888 during a scientific visit by the "Albatross." It shows Manuel J. Cobos posing with his workers in formal attire to the north side of the hacienda house, which is out of view. In the background can be seen the cleared landscape with fenced pasturage, and Cerro San Joaquin.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Villages; Landscapes
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1888
Date searchable:
1888
Date searchable:
1888
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
National Archives and Records Administration Albatross Expedition NARA-22-FA-93
Hacienda El Progreso sent its products via oxen-drawn cart to its large warehouse or Bodega on the coast at Puerto Chico. This image was published in Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon (Bognoly and Epinoza 1905:75). The Bodega was constructed directly on the beach close to a pier with Decauville rails for loading products onto the schooner.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Building
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright Undetermined
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Bognoly, J. and Espinosa J. (1905) Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon. Comercio:Guayaqil, p.75
Native Matazarno, a tree or shrub that can grow up to 15 m in height is highly valued for its hard inner wood and preservative properties. It is likely that Matazarno was used from the early years of Galápagos colonization as the main source of timber for construction materials. Various photographs of Hacienda El Progreso taken during the 1888 visit by the USS Albatross show large pieces of Matazarno trunks forming the structures of some plantation facilities, the main house, and parts of the worker’s houses.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Building; Housing
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Hoff, S. (1985) Drommen om Galapagos, Oslo: Grodahl & Son, Photo courtesy Robert Ødegård.
El Progreso occasonally receives visitors attracted to the ruins of Hacienda El Progreso; however, most tourists to the island do not travel into the highlands, and those who do, often bypass the village completely. This tour group of local students from the coast stand at the intersection directly below and to the east of the hacienda house ruins.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Community Archaeology; Tourism
This image was published in Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon (Bognoly and Epinoza 1905:94). It shows the labourers who fled the Hacienda after Cobos' assassination. Alexander Mann (1909) describes seeing them from his hotel window, assembled on the dock in Guayaquil after they were detained in Colombia and sent back to Ecuador.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Prisoners; Assassination
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright Undetermined
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Bognoly, J. and Espinosa J. (1905) Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon. Comercio:Guayaqil, p.94
In 1905, Puerto Chico consisted of a warehouse, plantation manager’s house, a few simple homes, the Wreck Bay light (a lantern atop a lengthy bamboo pole) and the light keeper’s house. Martínez (1915:43) mentions a small guard house, cabin for the ship’s captain, and a vast warehouse for El Progreso’s products.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Stores-Retail; Puerto Baquerizo Moreno (Galapagos Islands)
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Photo courtesy of John S. Garth, Los Angeles, in Hoff, S. (1985) Drommen om Galapagos, Oslo: Grodahl & Son;
Hacienda El Progreso eventually succumbed to financial ruin. Its assets reverted to Lorenzo Tous of Guayaquil. In the early 1930's Cobos and Alvarado, lost the schooner, the factory, the store and the plantations. Tous had no interest in living there or sending others to administer for him: "Soon the great sugarcane fields and the factory were but a memory." Alvarado managed to regain ownership of the schooner which was later sold to the government. In 1933, Cobos had the house and the coffee plantation successfully returned to him; however, coffee prices fell while freight charges on the schooner increased.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands);
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1933
Date searchable:
1933
Date searchable:
1933
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Photo by Robert Ødegård in Hoff, S. (1985) Drommen om Galapagos, Oslo: Grodahl & Son; 1927 Campo Noruego;
During World War II, Base Baltra was constructed on Baltra or North Seymour Island. Other islands were equipped with defensive installations, including cannons on San Cristóbal. The beach near this preserved specimen on the present naval base is a popular venue for surfers.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); World War, 1939-1945
This eastward view of the main street of Hacienda El Progreso was published in Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon (Bognoly and Epinoza 1905:111). It shows a portion of the worker's village to the north of the street (left) and what is likely the hacienda store (right) to the south, with a line of houses behind it..
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Building; Villages; Housing
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright Undetermined
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Bognoly, J. and Espinosa J. (1905) Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon. Comercio:Guayaqil, p.111
Economic and Environmental sustainability of the Park was originally planned through coupling conservation with exclusively boat-based tourism. Today, the latter continues to thrive; however, land-based tourism within the ZUEs is increasing rapidly, placing further strain on resources.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Tourism
This image was published in Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon (Bognoly and Epinoza 1905:117). It shows a portion of the upper floor in the Hacienda house with the office of the accountant which was located two doors down from Cobos' office, and entrance into his bedroom.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Building;Assassination; Housing
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright Undetermined
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Bognoly, J. and Espinosa J. (1905) Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon. Comercio:Guayaqil, p.117
Hacienda goods were loaded onto ships via a large 100 m long wooden pier equipped with a rail system, and whose stone base can still be seen at the south end of the bay. Products were moved between the islands and mainland on two boats, the “Manuel J. Cobos” and “Josefina Cobos,” which were often the only available means for communication with the outside world. Bacalao refers to grouper, which was dried and exported to the mainland, especially for religious occasions.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Stores-Retail; Puerto Baquerizo Moreno (Galapagos Islands)
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Date searchable:
1927
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Photo courtesy Robert Ødegård, in Hoff, S. (1985) Drommen om Galapagos, Oslo: Grodahl & Son;
This image, published in Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon (Bognoly and Epinoza 1905:70) shows the residence of the government representative, Sr. Leonardo Reina, shortly after his death at the hands of hacienda labourers in 1904. The house was located in the village of Hacienda El Progreso.
Subjects:
Hacienda El Progreso; Manuel J. Cobos
Subjects Facet:
Galapagos Islands; San Cristóbal Island (Galapagos Islands); Building; Housing
Creator:
Dr. Peter W. Stahl
Publisher:
University of Victoria Libraries
Contributors:
Dr. Peter Stahl
Date:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Date searchable:
1905
Genre:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Genre Facet:
Photographic Print; Digital image
Format:
image
Rights:
Copyright Undetermined
Location(s):
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Location(s) Facet:
El Progreso (Galapagos Islands);Galapagos Islands
Date Digitized:
2019
Commentary:
Bognoly, J. and Espinosa J. (1905) Las Islas Encantada o el Archipielago de Colon. Comercio:Guayaqil, p.70
